tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49180293446597797812024-03-13T23:17:09.639-07:00Technical Translation Dictionary & Glossary : English Portuguese DutchMultilingual translation glossary of technical terms and equipment in Portuguese, Dutch & English.
Terminology reference with informative pictures with each object.
Lifting, hoisting and rigging glossary.
Safety equipment translations.Unknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger92125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-57061060023771294632009-11-17T08:41:00.000-08:002009-11-17T08:43:23.101-08:00Shackle safety type / Manilha porca e contra-pino / Beugel met moerbout(EN) Shackle safety type<br />(PT) Manilha porca e contra-pino<br />(NL) Beugel met moerbout<br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCXJSE6zqcKEmiriOXZhFDR-9S_DA3-iJfC1iOLpIbDbkA_-GLtVm-W0l5BnzvcpnqAEjqklJTg2XJ8c6mcKXnaGkghEtTPgn-Lj5nFJnUyO7sS5N_Oaiao83ks7wTkGry1uh3kgAuW0dk/s1600-h/bowshackle.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCXJSE6zqcKEmiriOXZhFDR-9S_DA3-iJfC1iOLpIbDbkA_-GLtVm-W0l5BnzvcpnqAEjqklJTg2XJ8c6mcKXnaGkghEtTPgn-Lj5nFJnUyO7sS5N_Oaiao83ks7wTkGry1uh3kgAuW0dk/s400/bowshackle.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5228860696474449858" /></a>technical portuguesehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08892838491239485937noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-28123522577046792192009-11-17T08:31:00.000-08:002009-11-17T08:37:28.333-08:00Glossário Içamento - Portuguese hoisting glossaryAparelho de guindar<br />Equipamentos que suspendem a carga, por meio de cabos, entre o cais e o navio. São os guindastes, paus de carga, cábreas ou portainers.<br /><br /> <br />Boom <br />Também chamada de lança, consiste em uma torre treliçada de aço ou em uma torre telescópica A base da torre é articulada, e pode ser suspendida e abaixada por cabos ou ainda por cilindros hidráulicos;Pau-de-carga.<br /><br /> <br />Cábrea<br />Tipo de pau-de-carga com grande capacidade de carga. Denomina também os guindastes flutuantes. <br /><br /> <br />Centro de Gravidade (CG)<br />O centro de gravidade (CG) é o termo mais usado popularmente para expressar o centro de massa (CM) de um corpo. O centro de gravidade é simplesmente uma posição média da distribuição da força peso. Note que ambas as definições de CM e CG são diferente, a primeira se refere à distribuição de massa e a outra a distribuição da força peso. Desde que a força peso exercida em um corpo de massa m é proporcional a sua massa, o CG e o CM se referem ao mesmo ponto de um corpo em regiões próximas a superfície. <br /><br /> <br />Centro de Massa (CM)<br />Apesar de normalmente ouvirmos falar do centro de massa (CM) de um corpo e do centro de gravidade (CG) se referirem ao mesmo ponto de um corpo eles nem sempre coincidem. O que devemos salientar aqui é que o CM e o CG só coincidem porque o campo gravitacional próximo à superfície da terra é considerado, com boa aproximação, constante. Para um determinado corpo o seu centro de massa CM é definido como uma posição média de todas as massas na qual constitui o corpo . Para figuras planas simétricas tais como, uma chapa quadrada ou uma chapa triangular, os centros de massa ficam localizados no centro geométrico das respectivas placas. Para um cone, por exemplo, o centro de massa se localiza a um quarto da altura em relação a sua base <br /><br /> <br />Clintagem<br />Sistema pelo qual vários volumes são presos por meio de cintas, arames ou fitas, formando uma unidade de carga. Usada para tábuas de madeira, de compensado, fardos, amarrados, etc.<br /><br /> <br />Computador de bordo<br />Equipamento utilizado nos guindastes modernos, para auxiliar o operador e garantir uma operação segura, este equipamento possui armazenadas as tabelas de carga do equipamento e através de uma série de sensores, o computador registra as condições de operação do equipamento podendo até mesmo interromper sua operação, se a segurança estiver comprometida. <br /><br /> <br />Crane<br />(crêin) ou Derrick (dérik) Guindaste <br /><br /> <br />Crane Driver<br />(crêin dráiver): Guindasteiro.<br /><br /><br />Empilhador de contentores PT (Reach-Stacker)<br />Guindaste concebido com espalhador para o empilhamento de contentores.<br /><br /> <br />Empilhador de garfos (Fork-lift truck)<br />Veículo com garfos elevatórios para serviço em armazém; equipado com garfos para elevações frontais de paletes.<br /><br /> <br />Empilhador frontal (Front-lift truck)<br />Veículo mecânico de 3, 4 ou mais rodas concebido para a elevação, transporte e estiva de carga que poderá ser carregada em paletes, ou nos garfos do empilhador, ou com espalhador para contentores.<br /><br /> <br />Jib<br />É o eixo ou braço extensor, É o bloco que une se a polia onde estão os cabos de aço.<br /><br /> <br />Lingada<br />Amarrado de mercadorias correspondentes à porção a ser içada por guindaste ou pau-de-carga.<br /><br /> <br />Patola<br />É um suporte móvel e retrátil que fixa o equipamento ao solo nivelando e sustentando o equipamento para sua operação. <br /><br /> <br />Pau-de-carga<br />Tipo de aparelho de movimentação de peso que consiste numa verga (lança), que posiciona a carga suspensa por cabos. Normalmente, é fixada ao mastro e postada junto a escotilha (abertura do porão). O pau-de-carga completo é constituído de aparelho de acionamento, aparelho de lingada e guincho (fixado numa mesa de operação no convés, onde é operado pelo guincheiro).<br /><br /> <br />Raio <br />É a distancia do centro do equipamento até a ponta da lança.<br /><br /><br />Reachstacker <br />Empilhadeira para movimentação e empilhamento de containers, que pode pegá-los de qualquer posição com seu braço flexível.<br /><br /><br />Rigging<br />É a operação de movimentação de cargas com uso de um ou mais equipamentos mecânicos.<br /><br /> <br />Tabela de Carga<br />É uma tabela contendo a capacidade (altura, peso, raio de operação) de cada guindaste. Para uma operação segura deve-se respeitar os limites de altura e capacidade de carga de cada equipamento , o raio de operação tambem é levado em conta neste calculo.<br /><br /> <br />Upper<br />Em guindastes móveis é a parte superior do equipamento responsável pela movimentação da carga.<br /><br /><br />Grua<br />Guindaste com cabine fixa, cuja estrutura principal se encontra montada em fundações permanentes ou semi-permanentes.<br /><br /> <br />Grua de Cais ou Grua Fixa<br />Guindaste com cabine fixa, cuja estrutura principal está montada em fundações permanentes ou semi-permanentes, sobre carris ou pneus. Pode ser tipo pórtico.<br /><br /> <br />Grua-pórtico<br />Tipo de grua de contentores de pernas verticais, com altura e largura suficientes para permitir a passagem de veículos ou equipamento ferroviário.technical portuguesehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08892838491239485937noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-41366776573673782982009-11-15T04:04:00.000-08:002009-11-15T04:23:35.016-08:00Technical translations & glossaries: lift & hoisting equipmentWelcome to my website,<br /><br />I will start updating my website again in a few day with new translations and glossaries relating to: lift & hoisting equipment, harbour & shipping terms, etc.<br />Feel free to leave comments or word suggestions. I hope that you find what you are looking for, if not ask.<br /><br />Here is a small overview of the glossaries on my website:<br /><br /><strong>English glossaries:</strong><br /><br /><a href="http://technical-portuguese.blogspot.com/2009/06/glossary-of-fall-protection-terms-ppe.html">Glossary of Fall Protection Terms - PPE </a><br /><br /><a href="http://technical-portuguese.blogspot.com/2009/06/electric-chain-hoist-terms-glossary.html">Electric chain hoist terms / Glossary</a><br /><br /><a href="http://technical-portuguese.blogspot.com/2009/05/wire-rope-glossary-english-terms.html">Wire Rope Glossary - English Terms </a><br /><br /><a href="http://technical-portuguese.blogspot.com/2009/05/overhead-crane-glossary-english.html">Overhead crane glossary - english terminology </a><br /><br /><a href="http://technical-portuguese.blogspot.com/2009/05/crane-glossary-english-terminology.html">Crane Glossary - English Terminology </a><br /><br /><a href="http://technical-portuguese.blogspot.com/2009/05/glossary-of-lift-and-hoisting-terms.html">Glossary of lift and hoisting terms, crane related terminology</a> <br /><br /><a href="http://technical-portuguese.blogspot.com/2009/05/port-and-shipping-terminology-maritime.html">Port and shipping terminology - Maritime glossary</a><br /><br /><strong>Dutch glossaries:</strong><br /><br /><a href="http://technical-portuguese.blogspot.com/2009/05/haventermen-dutch-glossary.html">Haventermen - Dutch Glossary</a> <br /><br /><a href="http://technical-portuguese.blogspot.com/2009/05/containertermen-dutch-glossary.html">Containertermen - Dutch Glossary</a><br /><br /><strong>Portuguese glossaries:</strong><br /><br /><a href="http://technical-portuguese.blogspot.com/2008/11/glossrio-norma-regulamentadora-n-18.html">Glossário Norma Regulamentadora Nº 18</a>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-49859557496287954602009-09-30T07:59:00.000-07:002009-09-30T08:05:08.457-07:00Rope Pear Socket / Soquete tipo Pêra / Kabelpeer<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIJM_c-ZLv8vG_hFMwhnAXA-URsnZ8FBM91qHhj_YkRSDQekXxfifJxJTYN50J2JBOUU2FZIsAZunt4Fr9JwOeoS2T6bfkUhfaVBPQRQP1xwCarwLZcy2tN3kDtUsf687vcKqZC9vvFt8y/s1600-h/openclosedspeltersocket.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 157px; height: 157px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIJM_c-ZLv8vG_hFMwhnAXA-URsnZ8FBM91qHhj_YkRSDQekXxfifJxJTYN50J2JBOUU2FZIsAZunt4Fr9JwOeoS2T6bfkUhfaVBPQRQP1xwCarwLZcy2tN3kDtUsf687vcKqZC9vvFt8y/s200/openclosedspeltersocket.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5387276109213605218" /></a><br />(EN) Spelter Socket - Basket Socket - rope pear socket (open/closed)<br />(PT) Soquete tipo Pêra (aberto/fechado) <br />(NL) Kabelpeer (open/gesloten)<br /><br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzu_1Y_Wl0WUwttap_7kmwDAJ6VHS9STNIX4tn-Am57agRiOwwFjDECwmmGcEYP-OSBVlV5dRgRgi9Fx9GNRPIBXUp_c3A_jf3WvWTWP8tNaoFpZ2dwVuwlduH5jOqrcLEXf-FOUIfn0ME/s1600-h/newsitemsocket.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 249px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzu_1Y_Wl0WUwttap_7kmwDAJ6VHS9STNIX4tn-Am57agRiOwwFjDECwmmGcEYP-OSBVlV5dRgRgi9Fx9GNRPIBXUp_c3A_jf3WvWTWP8tNaoFpZ2dwVuwlduH5jOqrcLEXf-FOUIfn0ME/s320/newsitemsocket.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5387275844609187698" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJ1UELWn9FZQzb0unVEiVKchQnOGqb2cA_ecsKehRxCeJvQ4LurssmfVjl52-uc4f5paBZoU8um5iY2PRS6HmxDTq-6kLQs-ZYTm-zDlmBdSdq9ChYDCEgWkzHruTaTjmRPrcAUHOP0r2M/s1600-h/open+spelter+socket.gif"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 135px; height: 236px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJ1UELWn9FZQzb0unVEiVKchQnOGqb2cA_ecsKehRxCeJvQ4LurssmfVjl52-uc4f5paBZoU8um5iY2PRS6HmxDTq-6kLQs-ZYTm-zDlmBdSdq9ChYDCEgWkzHruTaTjmRPrcAUHOP0r2M/s320/open+spelter+socket.gif" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5387275841989035682" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhplsl3TJRS0hS5ASLzofIsVhpPwN_oSyhjkggXr2_PCxayhtso0wMfN1VdUjTDSwp2uns-zhDEaK_55TDoCpvDZzAInhXU_lmM-hO0ULLulRQPCJc9YunUWI61DWnokTid8anAq1MHFb2w/s1600-h/Closed_Spelter_Socket.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 320px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhplsl3TJRS0hS5ASLzofIsVhpPwN_oSyhjkggXr2_PCxayhtso0wMfN1VdUjTDSwp2uns-zhDEaK_55TDoCpvDZzAInhXU_lmM-hO0ULLulRQPCJc9YunUWI61DWnokTid8anAq1MHFb2w/s320/Closed_Spelter_Socket.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5387275832220870306" /></a>technical portuguesehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08892838491239485937noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-18245199224811725232009-08-07T05:35:00.000-07:002009-08-07T05:38:01.781-07:00Workshop Crane / Guindaste de Oficina / Werkplaatskraan(EN) Workshop Crane <br />(PT) Guindaste de Oficina <br />(NL) Werkplaatskraan - Giraffe<br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgBd-pFXoauF7UxCEpykdJACZ1El9AebVm0x93qKkW-AfoebrnSS87rpqjq5rD0FPQEPyW2XjiMKhdTp9VGm8HQrP5gqF8TP8C0Pfk9fLWAMd4Y3ebkDWGMLspRG67lhuVQvG3yv_Hv-Ef/s1600-h/werkplaatskraan.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 301px; height: 320px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgBd-pFXoauF7UxCEpykdJACZ1El9AebVm0x93qKkW-AfoebrnSS87rpqjq5rD0FPQEPyW2XjiMKhdTp9VGm8HQrP5gqF8TP8C0Pfk9fLWAMd4Y3ebkDWGMLspRG67lhuVQvG3yv_Hv-Ef/s320/werkplaatskraan.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5356622580694338434" /></a>technical portuguesehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08892838491239485937noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-55814536778897182542009-08-07T05:09:00.000-07:002009-08-07T05:34:21.774-07:00Sheaves / Roldanas / Kabelschijven(EN) Sheaves<br />(PT) Roldanas - Polias<br />(NL) Kabelschijven - Omleischijven<br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqaaz18rgrkIqy2Cy4hc5fP8DWtraCfN8UHrmQ4UpQKzBsFR3j8vOIX8sR2XG4L8f67iM18oq_3XmFx-VgzXASg49NftvcmxyykPN8jEsD5poXAiJnchbohQMqnA78IoLNBRKha9nIAw5K/s1600-h/1623fig02.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 200px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqaaz18rgrkIqy2Cy4hc5fP8DWtraCfN8UHrmQ4UpQKzBsFR3j8vOIX8sR2XG4L8f67iM18oq_3XmFx-VgzXASg49NftvcmxyykPN8jEsD5poXAiJnchbohQMqnA78IoLNBRKha9nIAw5K/s320/1623fig02.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5367197293999801650" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSyKwqvE6MUHLsnNh8iapuVvn4RSwgFRaKckeK3IXZTINg-uPuKqhnvvhD45s6CmxuZ3oiFwunyYNaVLD9o0HUTwMYlxd32rFrmgtL7mwHnEKgFnHD-vKbhZe6sXK8c5681WDLO_Bl-P7P/s1600-h/14080_87_1.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 249px; height: 320px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSyKwqvE6MUHLsnNh8iapuVvn4RSwgFRaKckeK3IXZTINg-uPuKqhnvvhD45s6CmxuZ3oiFwunyYNaVLD9o0HUTwMYlxd32rFrmgtL7mwHnEKgFnHD-vKbhZe6sXK8c5681WDLO_Bl-P7P/s320/14080_87_1.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5367197291138966450" /></a>technical portuguesehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08892838491239485937noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-16810036244608118972009-08-06T12:48:00.000-07:002009-08-06T12:53:04.717-07:00Telehandlers / Manipuladores telescópicos / Verreikers(EN) Telescopic handlers - Telehandlers<br />(PT) Manipuladores Telescópicos <br />(NL) Verreikers<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNCAI_fpcP6BROKFSJfYv1OcJEHNSfB2Hd5uu7ZSAas8qw8QwYGwr97Vp2SgeuQjk0MNL4fKbzi2KrX8mywCuZIYmawwpAHe7449sDCOCXFKD6A0kJl03wX5gPFHLwM585B4_KiN1okKgn/s1600-h/Teleskoplader.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 207px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNCAI_fpcP6BROKFSJfYv1OcJEHNSfB2Hd5uu7ZSAas8qw8QwYGwr97Vp2SgeuQjk0MNL4fKbzi2KrX8mywCuZIYmawwpAHe7449sDCOCXFKD6A0kJl03wX5gPFHLwM585B4_KiN1okKgn/s320/Teleskoplader.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5366940643131500722" /></a>technical portuguesehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08892838491239485937noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-18675837852890348452009-08-03T05:02:00.000-07:002009-08-03T05:07:21.155-07:00Vertical Personal Lifts / Plataformas de mastro vertical / Verticale hoogwerker(EN) Mast Boom Lifts - Vertical Personal Lifts<br />(PT) Plataformas de mastro vertical<br />(NL) Verticale hoogwerker<br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRcZDQXa1ZSCuCTnG5VMsTaRK6FsD04_ugDMQapgYlcKXFb9nWX5tMZfouZVi4x3i0GfOWXWaTSBqbRQ-ME9SZRFsyLVw0NX6U9H0YI23UJjQ-TOH7dPt9zB6lxqMyB7iRN3m97fiUAFQo/s1600-h/Verticale-hoogwerker.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 186px; height: 320px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRcZDQXa1ZSCuCTnG5VMsTaRK6FsD04_ugDMQapgYlcKXFb9nWX5tMZfouZVi4x3i0GfOWXWaTSBqbRQ-ME9SZRFsyLVw0NX6U9H0YI23UJjQ-TOH7dPt9zB6lxqMyB7iRN3m97fiUAFQo/s320/Verticale-hoogwerker.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5365707770777574322" /></a>technical portuguesehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08892838491239485937noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-69175052118172281052009-08-03T04:55:00.000-07:002009-08-03T05:01:58.537-07:00Lifting Beam / Viga de Içamento / Hijsbalk(EN) Lifting Beam / Hoisting Beam<br />(PT) Viga de Içamento<br />(NL) Hijsbalk / Hijsjuk<br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLKifpwTgW2_gz6J7_PaGGjzS6TEK6ke2fZbmzhWyQhcj-xsMF8XX0AEYGZFKu_z_rwXUD5YJbw52fqRH3Wtj_M3WXFJyZWWIWTHdrw2HWF9ME8wBjNdRmTVw347XTt4i63xG5utRNHoVv/s1600-h/hijsjuk.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 179px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLKifpwTgW2_gz6J7_PaGGjzS6TEK6ke2fZbmzhWyQhcj-xsMF8XX0AEYGZFKu_z_rwXUD5YJbw52fqRH3Wtj_M3WXFJyZWWIWTHdrw2HWF9ME8wBjNdRmTVw347XTt4i63xG5utRNHoVv/s320/hijsjuk.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5365705424023137442" /></a>technical portuguesehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08892838491239485937noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-38542411971250745922009-07-09T13:05:00.000-07:002009-07-09T13:23:38.287-07:00New Translation Website: Visual Dictionary to English, Portuguese, Dutch, French, GermanWelcome to my visual dictionary with translations to Portuguese, Dutch and English.<br />This website provides <a href="http://www.blogger.com/posts.g?blogID=4918029344659779781&searchType=ALL&txtKeywords=&label=translation">translations</a> and <a href="http://www.blogger.com/posts.g?blogID=4918029344659779781&searchType=ALL&txtKeywords=&label=glossary">glossaries</a> relating to: <a href="http://www.blogger.com/posts.g?blogID=4918029344659779781&searchType=ALL&txtKeywords=&label=container+handling">Container Handling</a>, <a href="http://www.blogger.com/posts.g?blogID=4918029344659779781&searchType=ALL&txtKeywords=&label=lift+equipment">Lifting</a> & <a href="http://www.blogger.com/posts.g?blogID=4918029344659779781&searchType=ALL&txtKeywords=&label=hoisting+equipment">Hoisting</a>, Rigging, <a href="http://www.blogger.com/posts.g?blogID=4918029344659779781&searchType=ALL&txtKeywords=&label=harbour+equipment">Harbour</a> and <a href="http://www.blogger.com/posts.g?blogID=4918029344659779781&searchType=ALL&txtKeywords=&label=PPE">Safety (PPE)</a> equipment.<br /><br />I started a new website with translations to English, Portuguese, Dutch, French and German relating to <a href="http://technical-translation-dictionary.blogspot.com/search/label/EN%20work%20tools">work tools</a>, <a href="http://technical-translation-dictionary.blogspot.com/search/label/EN%20measuring%20instruments">measuring instruments</a> and more....<br /><a href="http://technical-translation-dictionary.blogspot.com/">Visual Dictionary</a>:<br /><blockquote>From the image to the word and its translations, this Visual Dictionary is a technical reference.<br />Search the labels to quickly locate words, or find the meaning of a word by viewing the image it represents.<br />What’s more, the Visual Dictionary Online helps you learn English, Portuguese, Dutch, French & German in a visual and accessible way.<br />The Visual Dictionary Online is ideal for teachers, parents, translators and students of all skill levels.</blockquote><br /><br /><a href="http://technical-translation-dictionary.blogspot.com/" title="visual translation dictionary: English, Portuguese, Dutch, French, German">Click here to visit my new website!</a>technical portuguesehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08892838491239485937noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-2432947675147517732009-07-03T10:15:00.000-07:002009-07-03T10:36:53.559-07:00Technical Translations and Glossaries almost one year online!I started this website in September 2008, since then a lot of people found their way here by google or other search engines. It is good to know that my site is helping you find translations and glossaries relating to lifting & hoisting equipment. I will continue updating this website. I would like to ask some people to stop spamming the reaction section with unrelated spam, it´s all right to put links to websites about lifting, hoisting equipment, Personal protective equipment (PPE) etc. <br />Every month I need to delete unrelated spam messages about; making money, medicine and other silly websites. <br />Write reactions on my website, give other word suggestions or ask questions.<br />You can always contact me by mail:<br />(gvdw <span style="font-weight:bold;">(dot)</span> technical <span style="font-weight:bold;">(at)</span> gmail <span style="font-weight:bold;">(dot)</span> com)<br /><br />Enjoy and give me your opinion on how to improve this website!technical portuguesehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08892838491239485937noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-73943783771897180882009-06-19T07:09:00.000-07:002009-06-19T08:04:15.052-07:00Spring Balancer / Balancim / Balancer(EN) Spring Balancer / Load Balancer / Tool Balancer<br />(PT) Balancim<br />(NL) Balancer<br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOTPXwcynC7DEksAuPfzLJ1mwbxXvCa4yMRksjEQYN01KUYB4bViRFrQa0G_MzqYviFCQ0YSDG9S8yRoKvqP9u-EPElaVZhvVZW8IX_wbBmZycuIA6bR2stiplgyZnSfUppAb84NTOrtMY/s1600-h/heavy_duty_balancer.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 116px; height: 320px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOTPXwcynC7DEksAuPfzLJ1mwbxXvCa4yMRksjEQYN01KUYB4bViRFrQa0G_MzqYviFCQ0YSDG9S8yRoKvqP9u-EPElaVZhvVZW8IX_wbBmZycuIA6bR2stiplgyZnSfUppAb84NTOrtMY/s320/heavy_duty_balancer.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5349041192370562754" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjr881BtpaW_sVjtQ11TGYEyJDDRqyacESYh6rfYN7DuniHRKN9_HEars6LxcWqjBDNY7o4-Zu3A_iv_dxTaTFqZRp8t3HWvx5Kxxkjj0gwadxyNJAzeMR0h1Qf6E-Tpdp-yassVVs3p502/s1600-h/spring+balancer.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 235px; height: 320px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjr881BtpaW_sVjtQ11TGYEyJDDRqyacESYh6rfYN7DuniHRKN9_HEars6LxcWqjBDNY7o4-Zu3A_iv_dxTaTFqZRp8t3HWvx5Kxxkjj0gwadxyNJAzeMR0h1Qf6E-Tpdp-yassVVs3p502/s320/spring+balancer.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5349041190704442466" /></a><br /><br />These overhead devices provide and perform functions different from overhead hoist in that they can lift, lower and float a load. The balancer configurations and suspensions are similar to a hoist. The balancer functions differently from a hoist. The functional difference is indicated in the name: balancer. A balancer balances the load in a near weightless condition during the lifting operation. This feature allows the operator to maneuver the load easily. Balancers are often used for awkward and / or rapid load movements. Balancers can also be used to suspend equipment, which is used in repetitive operation. A variety of control options are available. A very broad range of load handling devices (end effectors) can expand this product’s versatility. Balancers are typically supported on small jibs, light monorail systems, or enclosed track monorail systems.<br /><br />Applications of Spring Balancers / Load Balancers / Tool Balancers:<br />Portable Hand Tools, Welder Guns, Spray guns, Short Blast Guns, Drifting Attachments in mines and Quaries, Jute and synthetic bag closing machines, Gauges, Jigs and Fixtures, Pendant Station, Switch Button of Hoists, incase of de-oxidation, water washing of plating work with raising and lowering of work etc.<br /><br />Advantages of Spring Balancer / Load Balancer / Tool Balancer:<br /><br />Increases Productivity <br />Balancers keep poised for action, minimize motions required to bring tool from rest to work positions. <br /> <br />Extends Tool Life <br />Balancers eliminate pick-up and lay down wear and prevent damage from dropping. <br /><br />Reduces Operator Fatigue <br />A Balancer makes the heaviest tool light as a feather. Operator effort can be directed to controlling the tool rather than supporting. <br /> <br />No Need of Power <br />There is no need of electrical or mechanical power. <br /> <br />Increases Safety <br />Balancers keep work area uncluttered to reduce chances of damages of accessories or accidental start up of tools during handling. <br /> <br />Effective Use of Space <br />The working place being widely utilized, and also to be cleaned up, the production is smoothly carried out.technical portuguesehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08892838491239485937noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-81267770274401545492009-06-18T08:31:00.000-07:002009-06-18T09:27:46.178-07:00Glossary of Fall Protection Terms - PPE<a href="http://technical-portuguese.blogspot.com/search/label/PPE" title="translations relating to PPE´s Portugues & Dutch">Personal Protective Equipment - PPE</a><br /><br />Anchorage:<br />a secure point of attachment for lifelines, lanyards or other fall protection deceleration devices.<br /><br />Anchorage Connector:<br />used to join the connecting device (lanyard, lifeline, or deceleration device) to the anchorage. <br /><br />Arresting Force:<br />the force transmitted to the body when a fall is arrested. Also known as Fall Arrest Force. <br /><br /><a href="http://technical-portuguese.blogspot.com/2008/11/work-positioning-belt-cinturo-de.html" title="translate to Dutch & Portugues">Body belt (safety belt):</a><br />a strap with means both for securing it about the waist and for attaching it to a lanyard, lifeline, or deceleration device.<br /><span style="font-weight:bold;">The use of a body belt for fall arrest is prohibited.</span><br /><br /><a href="http://technical-portuguese.blogspot.com/2008/11/work-positioning-belt-cinturo-de.html" title="translate to Dutch & Portugues">Body Belt:</a><br />a waist strap for attaching to a lanyard, lifeline or deceleration device. Used for positioning and/or restraint. Also known as a Safety Belt. <br /><br /><a href="http://technical-portuguese.blogspot.com/2008/11/safety-harness-arns-de-segurana.html" title="translate to Dutch & Portugues">Body Harness:</a><br />a design of straps which is secured about a person in a manner to distribute fall arresting forces over at least the thighs, pelvis, waist, chest and shoulders, with provisions for attaching it to other components of a personal fall arrest system. Also known as a Full-Body Harness. <br /><br /><a href="http://technical-portuguese.blogspot.com/2008/11/safety-harness-arns-de-segurana.html" title="translate to Dutch & Portugues">Body harness:</a><br />straps which may be secured around your employee in a way that distributes the fall arrest forces over at least the person’s thighs, pelvis, waist, chest and shoulders. The body harness must have a means for attaching it to other components of a personal fall arrest system.<br /><br />Body Wear:<br />the personal protective equipment worn by a worker, such as a body belt or body harness. <br /><br />Buckle:<br />an integral connector used to attach straps or webbing segments together or to themselves. <br /><br />Cam Buckle:<br />an integral connector whereby the shoulder straps can be easily adjusted simultaneously with one hand. Promotes proper snug fit; will not slip or misadjust. <br /><br />Competent person:<br />is defined by OSHA as someone who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions which are hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has the authority to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them.<br /><br />Competent Person:<br />one who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions which are hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has the authority to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them. <br /><br />Connecting Device:<br />the critical link which joins the body wear to the anchorage/anchorage connector, such as shock-absorbing lanyard, fall limiter, self-retracting lifeline, rope grab, etc. <br /><br />Connector:<br />a mechanism or device used to join together components of a personal fall arrest system or parts of a component within the system. See also Hardware. <br /><br />Connector (anchorage connector):<br />a device which is used to couple (connect) parts of the personal fall arrest system and positioning device systems together. The connector may be an independent component of the system, such as a carabiner, or it may be an integral component of part of the system (such as a buckle or dee-ring sewn into a body belt or body harness, or a snap-hook spliced or sewn to a lanyard or self-retracting lanyard).<br /><br />Controlled access zone (CAZ):<br />an area in which certain work (e.g., overhand bricklaying) may take place without the use of guardrail systems, personal fall arrest systems, or safety net systems and access to the zone is controlled.<br /><br />Dangerous equipment:<br />equipment (such as pickling or galvanizing tanks, degreasing units, machinery, electrical equipment, and other units) which, because of form or function, may be hazardous to employees who fall onto or into such equipment.<br /><br />Deceleration device:<br />any mechanism, such as a rope grab, rip-stitch lanyard, specially-woven lanyard, tearing or deforming lanyards, automatic self-retracting lifelines/lanyards, etc., which serves to dissipate a substantial amount of energy during a fall arrest, or otherwise limit the energy imposed on an employee during fall arrest.<br /><br />Deceleration Device:<br />any mechanism which serves to dissipate energy during a fall arrest, limiting the forces imposed on a person. <br /><br />Deceleration distance:<br />the additional vertical distance a falling employee travels, excluding lifeline elongation and free fall distance, before stopping, from the point at which the deceleration device begins to operate. It is measured as the distance between the location of an employee's body belt or body harness attachment point at the moment of activation (at the onset of fall arrest forces) of the deceleration device during a fall, and the location of that attachment point after the employee comes to a full stop.<br /><br />Directive 89/686/EEC: <br />European Directive for Personal Protective Equipment (PPE.<br />The Directive details both Essential Health and Safety Requirements (EHSRs) for the PPE and the conformity assessment procedures, which for products protecting against more serious risk may require the intervention of a so-called "Notified Body". Notified Bodies are institutes appointed by the Member States and they have the mission to be at the service of the manufacturer wherever the Directive requests for third party intervention (EC type examination, approval and monitoring of quality assurance systems).<br />PPE Directive 89/686/EEC covers these products. It defines legal obligations ensuring that PPE on the European market gives the highest level of protection against hazards: the CE marking affixed to PPE signals that! As this is a "New Approach" Directive, manufacturers or their authorised representative in the European Union can comply with the technical requirements either directly, or by means of European Harmonised Standards, the latter providing a presumption of conformity to the essential health and safety requirements.<br /><br />D-Ring:<br />an integral component or provision commonly found on body wear and some anchorage connectors which allows for attaching a connecting device (lanyard, lifeline, or deceleration device). <br /><br />Equivalent:<br />alternative designs, materials, or methods to protect against a hazard which the employer can demonstrate will provide an equal or greater degree of safety for employees than the methods, materials or designs specified in the standard.<br /><br />Failure:<br />means load refusal, breakage, or separation of component parts. Load refusal is the point where the ultimate strength is exceeded.<br /><br />Fall Indicator:<br />a safety device or warning flag which serves to let a user know that a shock-absorbing lanyard has been involved in a fall and should be removed from service. <br /><br />Fall Limiter:<br />a self-retracting lifeline/lanyard with a quick-activating braking system that limits a free fall. Refer to Self-Retracting Lifeline/Lanyard. (Ex.: Miller MiniLite® Fall Limiter.) <br /><br />Free fall:<br />the act of falling before a personal fall arrest system begins to apply force to arrest the fall.<br /><br />Free fall distance:<br />the vertical distance between onset of the fall and just before the system begins to apply force to arrest the fall. This distance excludes deceleration distance, and lifeline/lanyard elongation, but includes any deceleration device slide distance or self-retracting lifeline/lanyard extension before they operate and fall arrest forces occur.<br /><br />Friction Buckle:<br />an integral connector whereby the webbing passes over the knurled bar and back down between the knurled bar and frame to adjust and tighten webbing straps. <br /><br /><a href="http://technical-portuguese.blogspot.com/2008/11/safety-harness-arns-de-segurana.html">Full-Body Harness:</a><br />(See Body Harness.)<br /><br />Guardrail system (railing or guard rail):<br />a barrier erected to prevent employees from falling to lower levels.<br /><br />Hole:<br />a gap or void 2 inches (5.1 cm) or more in its least dimension, in a floor, roof, or other walking/working surface.<br /><br />Infeasible:<br />it is impossible to perform the construction work using a conventional fall protection system (i.e., guardrail system, safety net system, or personal fall arrest system) or that it is technologically impossible to use any one of these systems to provide fall protection.<br /><br /><a href="http://technical-portuguese.blogspot.com/2008/11/lanyards-talabarte-vanglijn.html" title="translate to Dutch & Portugues">Lanyard</a>:<br />a flexible line of rope, wire rope, or strap which generally has a connector at each end for connecting the body belt or body harness to a deceleration device, lifeline, or anchorage.<br /><br /><a href="http://technical-portuguese.blogspot.com/2008/11/lanyards-talabarte-vanglijn.html" title="translate to Dutch & Portugues">Lanyard</a>:<br />a flexible line of rope, wire rope/cable, or webbing which generally has a connector at each end for securing a body belt or body harness to a lifeline, deceleration device or anchorage. <br /><br />Lanyard Ring:<br />a component of a body harness that allows the user to attach a lanyard when not in use so that it is not hanging freely. <br /><br />Leading edge:<br />the edge of a floor, roof, or formwork for a floor or other walking/working surface (such as the deck) which changes location as additional floor, roof, decking, or formwork sections are placed, formed, or constructed. A leading edge is considered to be an "unprotected side and edge" during periods when it is not actively and continuously under construction.<br /><br />Lifeline:<br />a component consisting of a flexible line for connection to an anchorage at one end to hang vertically (vertical lifeline), or for connection to anchorages at both ends to stretch horizontally (horizontal lifeline), and which serves as a means for connecting other components of a personal fall arrest system to the anchorage.<br /><br />Lifeline:<br />a line provided for direct or indirect attachment to a body belt, body harness, lanyard, or deceleration device. Such lifelines may be horizontal or vertical in application. <br /><br />Low-slope roof:<br />a roof having a slope less than or equal to 4 in 12 (vertical to horizontal).<br /><br />Lower Level:<br />an area or surface to which a person can fall.<br /><br />Lower levels:<br />those areas or surfaces to which an employee can fall. Such areas or surfaces include, but are not limited to, ground levels, floors, platforms, ramps, runways, excavations, pits, tanks, material, water, equipment, structures, or portions thereof.<br /><br />Maximum Arrest Force:<br />the peak force on the body during arrest of a fall by the fall arrest system. Also known as Peak Fall Arrest Force. <br /><br />Mating Buckle:<br />an integral connector whereby a center bar is pushed through a square link. Webbing is then tightened for proper fit. <br /><br />Opening:<br />a gap or void 30 inches (76 cm) or more high and 18 inches (48 cm) or more wide, in a wall or partition, through which employees can fall to a lower level.<br /><br />Orthostatic Intolerance:<br />Refer to Suspension Trauma. <br /><br />Personal fall arrest system:<br />a system used to arrest an employee in a fall from a working level. It consists of an anchorage, connectors, a body belt or body harness and may include a lanyard, deceleration device, lifeline, or suitable combinations of these. As of January 1, 1998, the use of a <a href="http://technical-portuguese.blogspot.com/2008/11/work-positioning-belt-cinturo-de.html" title="translate to Dutch & Portugues">body belt</a> for fall arrest is prohibited.<br /><br />Personal Fall Arrest System:<br />an arrangement of components that together will arrest a person in a fall from a working level. It typically consists of an anchorage, connecting device and body harness, and may include a lanyard, deceleration device, lifeline or a combination of these. <br /><br />Personal Fall Limiter (PFL):<br />a self-retracting lanyard with a quick-activating braking system that limits a free fall. In addition, a PFL offers versatility through dual operation by either attaching directly to the harness back D-ring for use as a personal fall limiter, or can be used as a traditional retractable lifeline. <br /><br />Positioning device system:<br />a body belt or body harness system rigged to allow an employee to be supported on an elevated vertical surface, such as a wall, and work with both hands free while leaning.<br /><br />Qualified person:<br />as defined by OSHA 29 CFR 1926.32 (m) someone who, by possession of a recognized degree, certificate, or professional standing, or who by extensive knowledge, training, and experience, has successfully demonstrated his ability to solve or resolve problems relating to the subject matter, work, or the project.<br /><br />Quick-Connect Buckle:<br />for leg and chest harness straps that interlock similar to a seat belt for easy use and features a dual-tab release mechanism to prevent accidental opening. <br /><br />Retractable Lifeline:<br />See Self-Retracting Lifeline/Lanyard. <br /><br />Rollout:<br />a process by which a snap hook, carabiner or similar device unintentionally disengages from another component to which it is attached. <br /><br />Rope Grab:<br />a deceleration device which travels on a lifeline and automatically engages the lifeline and locks to arrest a fall. <br /><br />Rope grab:<br />a deceleration device which travels on a lifeline and automatically, by friction, engages the lifeline and locks so as to arrest the fall of an employee. A rope grab usually employs the principle of inertial locking, cam/level locking, or both.<br /><br />Roof:<br />the exterior surface on the top of a building. This does not include floors or formwork which, because a building has not been completed, temporarily become the top surface of a building.<br /><br />Roofing work:<br />hoisting, storage, application, and removal of roofing materials and equipment, including related insulation, sheet metal, and vapor barrier work, but not including the construction of the roof deck.<br /><br />Safety-monitoring system:<br />a safety system in which a competent person is responsible for recognizing and warning employees of fall hazards. (See competent person, above)<br /><br />Self-retracting lifeline/lanyard:<br />a deceleration device containing a drum-wound line which can be slowly extracted from, or retracted onto, the drum under slight tension during normal employee movement, and which, after onset of a fall, automatically locks the drum and arrests the fall.<br /><br />Shock Absorber:<br />a component of a personal fall arrest system which allows dissipation of energy by extending deceleration distance reducing fall arrest forces. <br /><br />Shock-Absorbing Lanyard:<br />specially-designed lanyard that elongates during a fall to significantly reduce fall arresting forces. <br /><br />Snaphook:<br />a connector comprised of a hook-shaped member with a normally closed keeper, or similar arrangement, which may be opened to permit the hook to receive an object and, when released, automatically closes to retain the object.<br /><br />Snap Hook:<br />a connector with a hook-shaped member, keeper, latch or other similar arrangement which may be opened to receive an object and, when released, automatically closes to retain the object. <br /><br />Locking Snap Hook:<br />a snap hook that includes a locking mechanism which will keep the hook closed and locked until manually unlocked and opened. <br /><br />Steep roof:<br />a roof having a slope greater than 4 in 12 (vertical to horizontal).<br /><br />Strap – a length of webbing. <br /><br />Stretchable Harness:<br />a full-body harness that is more comfortable to wear because the webbing is a blend of nylon, polyester, and a specially-formulated elastomer that stretches. Includes provisions for attaching a lanyard, lifeline or deceleration device. <br /><br />Sub-Pelvic Strap:<br />a full-body harness strap, which passes under the buttocks without passing through the crotch, that is designed to transmit forces applied during fall arrest or post-fall suspension to the sub-pelvic part of the body. <br /><br />Suspension Trauma (Orthostatic Intolerance):<br />when a person falls and remains both vertical and sedentary for a period of time, blood pools in the veins of the legs, which could result in unconsciousness. If a person is not rescued quickly, permanent damage and possibly death may result. (Miller Relief Step Safety Device relieves suspension trauma.) <br /><br />Tie-Back Lanyard:<br />a flexible line of heavy-duty, abrasion-resistant webbing designed to be used as the connecting device and anchorage connector with a specially-engineered snap hook able to withstand 5,000 lbs. (22kN) <br /><br />Toeboard:<br />a low protective barrier that will prevent the fall of materials and equipment to lower levels and provide protection from falls for personnel.<br /><br />Tongue Buckle:<br />an integral connector similar to a standard belt buckle whereby a webbing strap is inserted through the buckle placing the buckle tongue through the appropriate grommet hole. Also known as a Grommet Buckle. <br /><br />Total Fall Clearance Distance:<br />the maximum vertical distance that a worker could potentially fall and still avoid contact with a lower level.<br /><br />Total Fall Distance:<br />the maximum vertical distance between the full-body harness attachment point and the lowest extremity of the body before and after the fall is arrested including lanyard extension and/or deceleration distance.<br /><br />Unprotected sides and edges:<br />any side or edge (except at entrances to points of access) of a walking/working surface, e.g., floor, roof, ramp, or runway where there is no wall or guardrail system at least 39 inches (1.0 m) high.<br /><br />Walking/working surface:<br />any surface, whether horizontal or vertical on which an employee walks or works, including, but not limited to, floors, roofs, ramps, bridges, runways, formwork and concrete reinforcing steel but not including ladders, vehicles, or trailers, on which employees must be located in order to perform their job duties.<br /><br />Warning line system:<br />a barrier erected on a roof to warn employees that they are approaching an unprotected roof side or edge, and which designates an area in which roofing work may take place without the use of guardrail, body belt, or safety net systems to protect employees in the area.<br /><br />Work area:<br />that portion of a walking/working surface where job duties are being performed.technical portuguesehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08892838491239485937noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-56930061991306242272009-06-18T08:02:00.000-07:002009-06-18T08:12:46.697-07:00ELECTRIC CHAIN HOIST TERMS / GLOSSARYbelow-the-hook lifting devices<br />Devices that are not normally reeved onto the hoist chain, such as hook-on buckets, magnets, grabs, and other supplemental devices used for ease of handling certain types of loads. The weight of these devices is to be considered part of the load to be lifted.<br /><br />block loads<br />An action that facilitates the removal of slings or other lifting devices from under the load, accomplished by bringing the load to rest on wood, metal, or other spacers between the floor and load.<br /><br />brake<br />A device, other than a motor, used for retarding or stopping motion by friction or power means.<br /><br />brake, holding<br />A friction brake for a hoist that is automatically applied and prevents motion when power to the brake is de-energized.<br /><br />chain, hand<br />The chain grasped by a person to apply force required for the lifting or lowering motion.<br /><br />chain, welded link <br />A chain consisting of a series of interwoven links formed and welded.<br /><br />designated person <br />A person selected or assigned by the employer or the employer’s representative as<br />being competent to perform specific duties.<br /><br />hand chain wheel <br />See wheel, hand chain.<br /><br />hoist<br />A machinery unit that is used for lifting or lowering a freely suspended (unguided) load.<br /><br />lifting devices <br />Devices that are not normally reeved onto the hoist chain, such as hook-on buckets,<br />magnets, grabs, and other supplemental devices used for ease of handling certain types of loads. The weight of these devices is to be considered part of the load to be lifted.<br /><br />limit device<br />A device that is operated by some part or motion of power driven hoist to limit motion.<br /><br />limit device, primary upper<br />See primary upper- limit device.<br /><br />load <br />The total superimposed weight on the load block or hook.<br /><br />load, rated <br />The maximum load for which a hoist is designated by the manufacturer or a qualified person.<br /><br />load block<br />The assembly of hook or shackle, swivel, bearing, sheaves, sprockets, pins, and frame<br />suspended by the hoisting load chain. This shall include any appurtenances reeved in the hoisting load chain.<br /><br />load chain<br />See chain, load.<br /><br />load suspension parts<br />The load suspension parts of the hoist are the means of suspension (hook or<br />lug), the structure or housing which supports the load sprocket, the load sprocket, the load chain, the sprockets, and the load block or hook.<br /><br />normal operating conditions <br />Conditions during which a hoist is performing functions within the scope<br />of the original design.<br /><br />overload<br />Any load greater than the rated load.<br /><br />parts (lines or falls)<br />Number of lines chain supporting the load block or hook.<br /><br />pendant station<br />Controls suspended from the hoist for operating the unit from the floor.<br /><br />primary upper-limit device <br />The primary upper-limit device is the first limit device that will be activated to control the upper limit of travel of the load block when a hoist is equipped with more than one upper-limit device.<br /><br />qualified person<br />A person who, by possession of a recognized degree in an applicable field or a<br />certificate of professional standing, or who by extensive knowledge, training, and experience, has successfully demonstrated the ability to solve or resolve problems relating to the subject matter and work<br /><br />rated load <br />See load, rated.<br /><br />reeving <br />A system in which chain travels around sprockets.<br /><br />side pull <br />The component of the hoist pull acting horizontally when the hoist lines are not operated vertically.<br /><br />slack fall stop <br />A device used to prevent the slack end of load chain from inadvertently being lowered out of the load sprocket.<br /><br />sprocket, load<br />A hoist component that transmits motion to the load chain. This component is sometimes called load wheel, load sheave, pocket wheel, or chain wheel.<br /><br />switch <br />A device for making, breaking, or changing the connections in an electric or pneumatic circuit (valve).<br /><br />trolley <br />A machine unit that travels on a monorail track or crane bridge girder.<br /><br />trolley hoist<br />A hoist and trolley unit consisting of a hoist suspended from or mounted to a trolley, or a hoist with an integral trolley.<br /><br />welded link chain <br />See chain, welded link.<br /><br />wheel, hand chain <br />A wheel with formed pockets on its periphery to allow torque to be transmitted when a<br />force is applied to the hand chain.technical portuguesehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08892838491239485937noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-22255879942058789732009-06-18T07:44:00.000-07:002009-06-19T08:04:15.054-07:00Rack and Pinion / Heugel met Rondsel / Cremalheira e Pinhão(EN) rack and pinion<br />(NL) heugel met rondsel, heugel en tandwiel<br />(PT) cremalheira e pinhão<br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiU5M_eFh5RGHneawLiBMJCBc-SRo9t0dZExxSLNomeCuPdLchP7SA8Bqe9BIyOKqQQzd37GxjXCdJMe3digHyeKgCqZAOV7ZbNbH5G-qIg9CMtwl-00SjWUA66p2cCkJaGc2FLwBBXfM7d/s1600-h/Rack_and_pinion_animation.gif"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 160px; height: 173px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiU5M_eFh5RGHneawLiBMJCBc-SRo9t0dZExxSLNomeCuPdLchP7SA8Bqe9BIyOKqQQzd37GxjXCdJMe3digHyeKgCqZAOV7ZbNbH5G-qIg9CMtwl-00SjWUA66p2cCkJaGc2FLwBBXfM7d/s320/Rack_and_pinion_animation.gif" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5348679896619068530" /></a><br /><br /><blockquote>A rack and pinion is a pair of gears which convert rotational motion into linear motion. The circular pinion engages teeth on a flat bar - the rack. Rotational motion applied to the pinion will cause the rack to move to the side, up to the limit of its travel. For example, in a rack railway, the rotation of a pinion mounted on a locomotive or a railcar engages a rack between the rails and pulls a train along a steep slope.</blockquote>technical portuguesehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08892838491239485937noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-78088257664374537682009-05-25T06:52:00.000-07:002009-06-19T08:04:15.057-07:00Ship to Shore Crane - Portêiner - Portainer(EN) Ship To Shore crane (STS crane) - Portainer - Container Crane <br />(PT) Guindaste STS - Portêiner - Guindaste p. Contêiner<br />(NL) Ship to Shore Kraan (STS Kraan) - Portainer - Container Kraan<br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVXlkzHmRp1wMqpjTUe300wPlPKsYPfHWJIk2wkd1-4aY2Jy3FQagT9G2sKC-_6FiuTFuCf2W1o87zGDJ-dCR3s2oZyUm3JZ-1II8QYMd4ppLyDkW67ebHsWjf9lyvjOqRIbkb678SHyhN/s1600-h/IMG_0918.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVXlkzHmRp1wMqpjTUe300wPlPKsYPfHWJIk2wkd1-4aY2Jy3FQagT9G2sKC-_6FiuTFuCf2W1o87zGDJ-dCR3s2oZyUm3JZ-1II8QYMd4ppLyDkW67ebHsWjf9lyvjOqRIbkb678SHyhN/s320/IMG_0918.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5339765842472229138" /></a><br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhK2ZF74dwFpnnE-d-wxsFTZY5X-NpqaMI95PGZ4qBxU8QgnpxliClGlo2fnqPa8aD_W8N9wrQYfMCecoFxara2K0UFnIerxa7EfVO1vlWmcRQF8dYlrh-AGa62BX940Kq4viOZ6svBnh6Q/s1600-h/Containerkraan.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 205px; height: 320px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhK2ZF74dwFpnnE-d-wxsFTZY5X-NpqaMI95PGZ4qBxU8QgnpxliClGlo2fnqPa8aD_W8N9wrQYfMCecoFxara2K0UFnIerxa7EfVO1vlWmcRQF8dYlrh-AGa62BX940Kq4viOZ6svBnh6Q/s320/Containerkraan.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5339765843749931234" /></a>technical portuguesehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08892838491239485937noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-39029127465471790232009-05-25T06:03:00.000-07:002009-05-25T06:15:09.170-07:00Hoist Standards in Europe, guidelines.Traditionally, European countries have maintained national standards in reference to a large number of industrial products, <br />e.g. DIN (Germany), BSI (United Kingdom). In addition the FEM (Federation Europeenne de la Manutention) has published standards specifically for material handling and lifting equipment.<br />With the creation of the European Union, organizations for standardization were established at different levels of regulatory authority covering numerous product areas. The highest regulatory level is a European Standards Commission.<br />Its regulations are absolute and regulatory, focusing primarily on worker safety and protection from occupational hazards.<br /><br />There are three main regulations:<br />• Machinery Regulation (including Lifting and Material Handling Equipment)<br />• Low Voltage Electricity Regulation<br />• EMV – Electro-magnetic Compatibility Regulation<br /><br />At the next level are CEN (mechanical) and CENELEC (electrical) Standards. They are more detailed and product oriented than the regulations. Per definition, the publications of CEN and CENELEC are “Standards”, non-regulatory guidelines, reflecting state of the art design and construction practices. They are based on the highest level of probability that equipment, designed to these standards will be safe and functional. They do not preclude deviations or “product improvement based on technological progress”.<br /><br />The goal of the CEN & CENELEC Committees is to harmonize the new, European norms with existing country-specific norms. The committees responsible for generating new standards include workgroups and sub-committees, which are comprised of representatives of related industries, academia and engineering research, as well as legal counsel. When a new CEN/CENELEC standard is introduced and “HARMONIZED” (language, legal, etc.) national norms (DIN (Germany), BS (England), AFNOR (France),<br />AENOR (Spain), etc) lose validity.<br /><br />CEN/CENELEC and ISO maintain communication between their committees working on related subjects. FEM is an Industry Association of Material Handling Manufacturers,<br />similar in nature and function to MHIA Product Councils (HMI, CMAA, MMA, etc.). FEM specifications are not regulatory, yet they are widely accepted in the international arena, and usually referred to in the absence of national standards.<br /><br />Following is a listing of European standards and specifications for hoists and related equipment:<br /><br /><span style="font-weight:bold;">CEN STANDARDS</span><br />Selection of primary standards published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN; website www.cenorm.be) for hoists and related material handling equipment:<br />EN 341 Cranes – Bridge and Gantry Cranes<br />EN 13135-1 Cranes – Equipment – Part 1:Electrical Equipment<br />EN 13135-2 Cranes – Equipment – Part 2:Non-electrical Equipment<br />EN 13157 Cranes – Safety – Hand Powered Cranes<br />EN 13155 Cranes – Safety – Non-fixed Load Lifting Attachments<br />EN 13557 Cranes – Controls and Control Stations<br />EN 14492-1 Cranes – Power Driven Winches and Hoists – Part 1: Power Driven Winches<br />EN 14492-2 Cranes – Cranes – Power Driven Winches and Hoists – Part 2: Power Driven Hoists<br />EN 60204-32 Safety of Machinery; Electrical Equipment of Machines; Requirements for Hoisting Machines.<br /><br /><span style="font-weight:bold;">FEM STANDARDS</span><br />The Federation Europeenne de la Manutention (FEM; website www.fem-eur.com) publishes many standards for hoists and related material handling equipment. Some of the primary ones are:<br />FEM 1.002 Illustrated Terminology of Heavy Lifting Equipment<br />FEM 9.811 Rope and Chain Hoists – General Specifications<br />FEM 9.511 Rules for the Design of Series Lifting Equipment - Classification of Mechanisms<br />FEM 9.661 Rules for the design of Series Lifting Equipment - Dimensions and Design of Rope Reeving Components<br />FEM 9.683 Selection of Hoist and Travel Motors<br />FEM 9.852 Power Driven Series Hoist Mechanisms, Standardized Test Procedure for Verification of the<br />Classification<br />FEM 9.755 Measures for Achieving Safe Working Periods for Motorized Serial Hoist Units (S.W.P.)<br />FEM 9.751 Power Driven Series Hoist Mechanisms, Safety<br />FEM 9.901 Rules for the Design of Series Lifting Equipment and Cranes Equipped with Series Lifting Equipment<br /><br /><span style="font-weight:bold;">DIN STANDARDS</span><br />Selection of primary standards published by the Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN; website www.din.de) for application, design, maintenance and safety aspects of hoist and related equipment. (DIN EN indicates harmonized standard):<br />DIN EN 14492-2 Cranes – Power Driven Hoists<br />DIN EN 60204-32 Safety of Machinery; Electrical Equipment of Machines; Requirements for Hoisting Machines.<br />DIN 3051-Sections 1–4 Lifting Ropes; Steel Wires<br />DIN 15017 Cranes & Hoists; Principles of Motor and Gear Sizing<br />DIN 15020- Sections 1–2 Hoists; Principles of Rope Reeving<br />DIN 15061- Sections 1–2 Cranes & Hoists; Grooves for Rope Sheaves & Drums<br />DIN 15100 Serial Lifting Equipment; Nomenclature<br />DIN 15400 through DIN 15414 Detailed Aspects of Load Hooks and Bottom Block Construction<br /><br /><span style="font-weight:bold;">BSI STANDARDS</span><br />Selection of primary standards published by British Standards (BSI website www.bsi-global.com) for hoists and related material handling equipment. (BS EN indicates harmonized standard):<br />BS EN 292 Safety of Machinery<br />BS EN 14492-2 Cranes – Power Driven Hoists<br />BS EN 60034-1 Rotating Electrical Machines: Rating and performance<br />BS EN 60034-5 Types of Enclosures for Rotating Electrical Machines<br />BS EN 60204-32 Safety of Machinery - Electrical Equipment of Machines - Part 32: Requirements for Hoisting Machinestechnical portuguesehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08892838491239485937noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-29142624575387639152009-05-22T04:49:00.000-07:002009-05-22T06:10:24.473-07:00Wire Rope Glossary - English TermsABRASION<br /> Frictional surface wear on the wires of a wire rope. <br /><br />ACCELERATION STRESS<br /> The additional stress that is imposed on a wire rope as a result of an increase in the load velocity. <br /><br />AGGREGATE STRENGTH<br /> The strength derived by totalling the individual breaking strengths of the elements of the strand or rope. This strength does not recognize the reduction in strength resulting from the angularity of the elements in the rope, or other factors that may affect efficiency. <br /><br />AIRCRAFT CABLES<br /> Strands, cords and wire ropes made of special-strength wire, designed primarily for use in various aircraft industry applications. <br /><br />ALTERNATE LAY<br /> Lay of a wire rope in which the strands are alternately regular and Lang Lay. <br /><br />AREA, METALLIC<br /> Sum of the cross-sectional areas of all the wires either in a wire rope or in a strand. <br /><br />ARMORED ROPE<br /> Rope with individual strands spirally wrapped with flat steel wire. <br /><br />BACK-STAY<br /> Guy used to support a boom or mast; or that section of a main cable, as on a suspension bridge, cableway, etc., leading from the tower to the anchorage. <br /><br />BAIL<br /> a) U-shaped member of a bucket, or <br /> b) U-shaped portion of a socket or other fitting used on wire rope. <br /><br />BASKET OF SOCKET<br /> The conical portion of a socket into which a broomed-rope-end is inserted and then secured. <br /><br />BECKET<br /> An end attachment to facilitate wire rope installation. <br /><br />BECKET LOOP<br /> A loop of small rope or strand fastened to the end of a larger wire rope. Its function is to facilitate wire rope installation. <br /><br />BENDING STRESS<br /> Stress that is imposed on the wires of a strand or rope by a bending or curving action. <br /><br />BIRDCAGE<br /> A colloquialism descriptive of the appearance of a wire rope forced into compression. The outer strands form a cage and, at times, displace the core. <br /><br />BLOCK<br /> A term applied to a wire rope sheave (pulley) enclosed in side plates and fitted with some attachment such as a hook or shackle. <br /><br />BOOM HOIST LINE<br /> Wire rope that operates the boom hoist system of derricks, cranes, draglines, shovels, etc. <br /><br />BOOM PENDANTS<br /> A non-operating rope or strand with end termination to support the boom. <br /><br />BREAKING STRENGTH<br /> Breaking Strength is the ultimate load at which a tensile failure occurs in the sample of wire rope being tested. (Note: The term breaking strength is synonymous with actual strength.) Minimum Acceptance Strength is that strength which is 2-1/2% lower than the catalog or nominal strength. This tolerance is used to offset variables that occur during a sample preparation and actual physical test of a wire rope. Nominal Strength is the published (catalog) strength calculated by a standard procedure that is accepted by the wire rope industry. The wire rope manufacturer designs wire rope to this strength, and the user should consider this strength when making design calculations. <br /><br />BRIDGE CABLE<br /> (Structural Rope or Strand) The all-metallic wire rope or strand used as the catenary and suspenders on a suspension bridge. <br /><br />BRIDGE SOCKET<br /> A wire rope or strand end termination made of forged or cast steel that is designed with baskets-having adjustable bolts-for securing rope ends. There are two styles: 1) the closed type has a U-bolt with or without a bearing block in the U of the bolt, and 2) the open type has two eye-bolts and a pin. <br /><br />BRIDLE SLING<br /> A two-part wire rope sling attached to a single-part line. The legs of the sling are spread to divide and equalize the load. <br /><br />BRIGHT ROPE<br /> Wire rope fabricated from wires that are not coated. <br /><br />BRONZE ROPES<br /> Wire rope made of bronze wires. <br /><br />BUTTON CONVETOR ROPE<br /> Wire ropes to which buttons or discs are attached at regular intervals to move material in a trough. <br /><br />CABLE<br /> A term loosely applied to wire rope, wire strand and electrical conductors. <br /><br />CABLE-LAID WIRE ROPE<br /> A type of wire rope consisting of several wire ropes laid into a single wire rope (e.g., 6x42 (6x6x7) tiller rope). <br /><br />CABLE TOOL DRILLING LINE<br /> The wire rope used to operate the cutting tools in the cable tool drilling method (i.e., rope drilling). <br /><br />CENTER<br /> The axial member of a strand about which the wires are laid. <br /><br />CHOKER ROPE<br /> A short wire rope sling that forms a slip noose around an object that is to be moved or lifted. <br /><br />CLASSIFICATION<br /> Group, or family designation based on wire rope constructions with common strengths and weights listed under the broad designation. <br /><br />CLEVIS<br /> A “U” shaped fitting with a pin. <br /><br />CLIP<br /> Fitting for clamping two parts of wire rope to each other. <br /><br />CLOSED SOCKET<br /> A wire rope end termination consisting of basket and bail made integral. <br /><br />CLOSER<br /> A machine that lays strands around a core to form rope. <br /><br />CLOSING LINE<br /> Wire rope that performs two functions: 1) closes a clamshell or orange peel bucket, and 2) operates as a hoisting rope. <br /><br />COIL<br /> Circular bundle or package of wire rope that is not affixed to a reel. <br /><br />COME-ALONG<br /> Device for making a temporary grip on a wire rope. <br /><br />COMMON STRAND<br /> Galvanized strand made of galvanized iron wire whose grade is common iron. <br /><br />CONICAL DRUM<br /> Grooved hoisting drum of tapering diameter. <br /><br />CONSTRUCTION<br /> Geometric design description of the wire rope's cross section. This includes the number of STRANDS, the number of WIRES per strand and the pattern of wire arrangement in each STRAND. <br /><br />CONSTRUCTIONAL STRETCH<br /> The stretch that occurs when the rope is loaded-it is due to the helically laid wires and strands creating a constricting action that compresses the core and generally brings all of the rope's elements into close contact. <br /><br />CONTINUOUS BEND<br /> Reeving of wire rope over sheaves and drums so that it bends in the same direction, as opposed to reverse bend. <br /><br />CORD<br /> Term applied to small sizes of wire ropes. <br /><br />CORE<br /> The axial member of a wire rope about which the strands are laid. <br /><br />CORING LINE<br /> Wire rope used to operate the coring tool for taking core samples during the drilling of a well. <br /><br />CORROSION<br /> Chemical decomposition of the wires in a rope through the action of moisture, acids, alkalines or other destructive agents. <br /><br />CORROSION-RESISTING STEEL<br /> Chrome-nickel steel alloys designed for increased resistance to corrosion. <br /><br />CORRUGATED<br /> Term used to describe the grooves of a SHEAVE or DRUM after these have been worn down to a point where they show an impression of a wire rope. <br /><br />CREEP<br /> The unique movement of a wire rope with respect to a drum surface or sheave surface resulting from the asymmetrical load between one side of the sheave (drum) and the other. It is not dissimilar to the action of a caterpillar moving over a flat surface. It should be distinguished from slip which is yet another type of relative movement between rope and the sheave or drum surface. <br /><br />CRITICAL DIAMETER<br /> Diameter of the smallest bend for a given wire rope which permits the wires and strands to adjust themselves by relative movement while remaining in their normal position. <br /><br />CROWD ROPE<br /> A wire rope used to drive or force a power shovel bucket into the material that is to be handled. <br /><br />CYLINDRICAL DRUM<br /> Hoisting drum of uniform diameter. <br /><br />DEAD-LINE<br /> In drilling, it is the end of the rotary drilling line fastened to the anchor or dead-line clamp. <br /><br />DECELERATION STRESS<br /> The additional stress that is imposed on a wire rope as a result of a decrease in the load velocity. <br /><br />DESIGN FACTOR<br /> In a wire rope, it is the ratio of the nominal strength to the total working load. <br /><br />DIAMETER<br /> A line segment which passes through the center of a circle and whose end points lie on the circle. As related to wire rope it would be the diameter of a circle which circumscribes the wire rope. <br /><br />DOG-LEG<br /> Permanent bend or kink, in a wire rope, caused by improper use or handling. <br /><br />DRAGLINE<br /> a) Wire rope used for pulling excavating or drag buckets, and <br /> b) name applied to a specific type of excavator. <br /><br />DRUM<br /> A cylindrical flanged barrel, either of uniform or tapering diameter, on which rope is wound either for operation or storage; its surface may be smooth or grooved. <br /><br />EFFICIENCY<br /> Ratio of a wire rope's actual breaking strength and the aggregate strength of all individual wires tested separately-usually expressed as a percentage. <br /><br />ELASTIC LIMIT<br /> Stress limit above which permanent deformation will take place within the material. <br /><br />END PREPARATION<br /> The treatment of the end of a length of wire rope designed primarily as an aid for pulling the rope through a reeving system or tight drum opening. Unlike END TERMINATIONS, these are not designed for use as a method for making a permanent connection. <br /><br />END TERMINATION<br /> The treatment at the end or ends of a length of wire rope, usually made by forming an eye or attaching a fitting and designed to be the permanent end termination on the wire rope that connects it to the load. <br /><br />ENDLESS ROPE<br /> Rope with ends spliced together to form a single continuous loop. <br /><br />EQUALIZING SHEAVE<br /> The sheave at the center of a rope system over which no rope movement occurs other than equalizing movement. It is frequently overlooked during crane inspections, with disastrous consequences. It can be a source of severe degradation. <br /><br />EQUALIZING THIMBLE<br /> Special type of fitting used as a component part of some wire rope slings. <br /><br />EXTRA IMPROVED PLOW, STEEL ROPE<br /> A specific wire rope grade. <br /><br />EXTRA HIGH STRENGTH STRAND<br /> A grade of galvanized or bright strand. <br /><br />EYE OR EYE SPLICE<br /> A loop, with or without a thimble, formed at the end of a wire rope. <br /><br />FACTOR OF SAFETY<br /> In the wire rope industry, this term was originally used to express the ratio of nominal strength to the total working load. The term is no longer used since it implies a permanent existence for this ratio when, in actuality, the rope strength begins to reduce the moment it is placed in service. See DESIGN FACTOR. <br /><br />FATIGUE<br /> As applied to wire rope, the term usually refers to the process of progressive fracture resulting from the bending of individual wires. These fractures may and usually do occur at bending stresses well below the ultimate strength of the material; it is not an abnormality although it may be accelerated due to conditions in the rope such as rust or lack of lubrication. <br /><br />FIBER CENTER<br /> Cord or rope of vegetable or synthetic fiber used as the axial member of a strand. <br /><br />FIBER CORE<br /> Cord or rope of vegetable or synthetic fiber used as the axial member of a rope. <br /><br />FILLER WIRE<br /> Small spacer wires within a strand which help position and support other wires. Also the name for the type of strand pattern utilizing filler wires. <br /><br />FITTING<br /> Any functional accessory attached to a wire rope. <br /><br />FLAT ROPE Wire rope that is made of a series of parallel, alternating right-lay and left-lay ropes, sewn together with relatively soft wires. <br /><br />FLATTENED STRAND ROPE<br /> Wire rope that is made either of oval or triangular shaped strands in order to form a flattened rope surface. <br /><br />FLEET ANGLE<br /> That angle between the rope's position at the extreme end wrap on a drum, and a line drawn perpendicular to the axis of the drum through the center of the nearest fixed sheave. See DRUM and SHEAVE. <br /><br />FLEMISH EYE SPLICE<br /> In the standard flemish eye mechanical splice, rope is separated into two parts - 3 adjacent strands, and 3 adjacent strands and core. These two parts are then re-laid back in opposite directions to form an eye, and ends are secured with a pressed metal sleeve. <br /><br />GALVANIZED<br /> Zinc coating for corrosion resistance. <br /><br />GALVANIZED ROPE<br /> Rope made of galvanized wire. <br /><br />GALVANIZED STRAND<br /> Strand made of galvanized wire. <br /><br />GALVANIZED WIRE<br /> Wire coated with zinc. <br /><br />GRADE<br /> Wire rope or strand classification by strength and/or type of material, i.e., Improved Plow Steel, Type 302 Stainless, Phosphor Bronze, etc. It does not imply a strength of the basic wire used to meet the rope's nominal strength. <br /><br />GRADES, ROPE<br /> Classification of wire rope by the wire's metallic composition and the rope's nominal strength. <br /><br /><a href="http://technical-portuguese.blogspot.com/2008/08/grommet-sling-lao-grommet-grommer.html" title="translate to Dutch, Portuguese with picture">GROMMET</a><br /> An endless circle or ring fabricated from one continuous length of strand or rope.<br /><br /> Grommets are a unique type of sling which form a continuous loop. The splice area should not come into contact with the load or the lifting device.<br /> <br />GROOVED DRUM<br /> Drum with a grooved surface that accommodates the rope &/or wire rope and guides it for proper winding. <br /><br />GROOVES<br /> Depressions-helical or parallel-in the surface of a sheave or drum that are shaped to position and support the rope. <br /><br />GUARD RAIL CABLE<br /> A galvanizad wire rope or strand erected along a highway. <br /><br />GUY LINE<br /> Strand or rope, usually galvanized, for stabilizing or maintaining a structure in fixed position. <br /><br />HAULAGE ROPE<br /> Wire Rope used for pulling movable devices such as cars that roll on a track. <br /><br />HAWSER<br /> Wire rope, usually galvanized, used for towing or mooring marine vessels. <br /><br />HIGH STRENGTH STRAND<br /> Grade of galvanized or bright strand. <br /><br />HOLDING LINE<br /> Wire rope on a clamshell or orange peel bucket that suspends the bucket while the closing line is released to dump its load. <br /><br />IDLER<br /> Sheave or roller used to guide or support a rope. <br /><br />IMPROVED PLOW STEEL ROPE<br /> A specific grade of wire rope. <br /><br />INDEPENDENT WIRE ROPE CORE (IWRC)<br /> A wire rope used as the axial member of a larger wire rope. <br /><br />INNER WIRES<br /> All wires of a strand except the outer or cover wires. <br /><br />INTERNALLY LUBRICATED<br /> Wire rope or strand having all of its wire components coated with lubricants. <br /><br />IRON ROPE<br /> A specific grade of wire rope. <br /><br />IWRC<br /> Independent Wire Rope Core. <br /><br />KINK<br /> A unique deformation of a wire rope caused by a loop of rope being pulled down tight. It represents irreparable damage to and an indeterminate loss of strength in the rope. <br /><br /> Sharp bend in a wire rope that permanently distorts the wires and strands.<br /><br />LAGGING<br /> a) External wood covering on a reel to protect the wire rope or strand, or <br /> b) the grooved shell of a drum. <br /><br />LAY<br /> a)The manner in which the wires in a strand or the strands in a rope are helically laid, or <br /> b) the distance measured parallel to the axis of the rope (or strand) in which a strand (or wire) makes one complete helical convolution about the core (or center). In this connection, lay is also referred to as LAY LENGTH or PITCH. <br /><br />LAY TYPES <br /><br /><span style="font-style:italic;">Right Lay:</span> The direction of strand or wire helix corresponding to that of a right hand screw thread. <br /><br /><span style="font-style:italic;">Left Lay:</span> The direction of strand or wire helix corresponding to that of a left hand screw thread. <br /><br /><span style="font-style:italic;">Cross Lay:</span> Rope or strand in which one or more operations are performed in opposite directions. A multiple operation product is described according to the direction of the outside layer.<br /> <br /><span style="font-style:italic;">Regular Lay:</span> The type of rope wherein the lay of the wires in the strand is in the opposite direction to the lay of the strand in the rope. The crowns of the wires appear to be parallel to the axis of the rope. <br /><br /><span style="font-style:italic;">Lang Lay:</span> The type of rope in which the lay of the wires in the strand is in the same direction as the lay of the strand in the rope. The crowns of the wires appear to be at an angle to the axis of the rope. <br /><br /><span style="font-style:italic;">Alternate Lay:</span> Lay of a wire rope in which the strands are alternately regular and lang lay.<br /> <br />Alberts Lay: An old, rarely used term for lang lay. <br />Reverse Lay: Another term for alternate lay. <br />Spring Lay: This is not definable as a unique lay; more properly, it refers to a specific wire rope construction.<br /> <br />LEAD LINE<br /> That part of a rope tackle leading from the first, or fast, sheave to the drum. <br /><br />LINE<br /> Synonymous term for WIRE ROPE. <br /><br />LOCKED COIL STRAND<br /> Smooth-surfaced strand ordinarily constructed of shaped, outer wires arranged in concentric layers around a center of round wires. <br /><br />LOOP<br /> A 360° change of direction in the course of a wire rope which when pulled down tight will result in a kink. <br /><br />MARLINE SPIKE<br /> Tapered steel pin used in splicing wire rope. <br /><br />MARTENSITE<br /> A brittle micro-constituent of steel formed when the steel is heated above its critical temperature and rapidly quenched. This occurs in wire rope as a result of frictional heating and the mass cooling effect of the cold metal beneath. Martensite cracks very easily, and such cracks can propagate from the surface through the entire wire. <br /><br />MILD PLOW STEEL ROPE<br /> A specific grade of wire rope. <br /><br />MILKING<br /> Sometimes called IRONING, it is the progressive movement of strands along the axis of the rope, resulting from the rope's movement through a restricted passage such as a tight sheave. <br /><br />MODULUS OF ELASTICITY<br /> Mathematical quantity expressing the ratio, within the elastic limit, between a definite range of unit stress on a wire rope and the corresponding unit elongation. <br /><br />MOORING LINES<br /> Galvanized wire rope, usually 6x12, 6x24, or 6x37 class for holding ships to dock. <br /><br />NON-PREFORMED<br /> Rope or strand that is not preformed. See PREFORMED STRANDS and PREFORMED ROPE. <br /><br />NON-ROTATING WIRE ROPE<br /> Term, now abandoned, referring to 19 x 7 or 18 x 7 rope. <br /><br />NON-SPINNING WIRE ROPE<br /> See ROTATION RESISTANT ROPE. <br /><br />OPEN SOCKET<br /> A wire rope fitting that consists of a basket and two ears with a pin. See FITTING. <br /><br />OUTER WIRES<br /> Outer layer of wires. <br /><br />PEENING<br /> Permanent distortion resulting from cold plastic metal deformation of the outer wires. Usually caused by pounding against a sheave or machine member, or by heavy operating pressure between rope and sheave, rope and drum, or rope and adjacent wrap of rope. <br /><br />PLOW STEEL ROPE<br /> A specific grade of wire rope. <br /><br />PREECE TEST<br /> A recognized standard of testing the galvanized coating on a wire. <br /><br />PREFORMED STRANDS<br /> Strand in which the wires are permanently formed during fabrication into the helical shape they will assume in the strand. <br /><br />PREFORMED WIRE ROPE<br /> Wire rope in which the strands are permanently formed during fabrication into the helical shape they will assume in the wire rope. <br /><br />PRESTRESSING<br /> An incorrect reference to PRESTRETCHING. <br /><br />PRESTRETCHING<br /> Subjecting a wire rope or strand to tension prior to its intended application, for an extent and over a period of time sufficient to remove most of the CONSTRUCTIONAL STRETCH.<br /><br /> Stressing a wire rope or strand before use under such a tension and for such a time that the constructional stretch is largely removed.<br /><br />PROPORTIONAL LIMIT<br /> As used in the rope industry, this term has virtually the same meaning as ELASTIC LIMIT. It is the end of the load versus elongation relationship at which an increase in load no longer produces a proportional increase in elongation and from which point recovery to the rope's original length is unlikely. <br /><br />RATED CAPACITY<br /> The load which a new wire rope or wire rope sling may handle under given operating conditions and at an assumed DESIGN FACTOR. <br /><br />REEL<br /> A flanged spool on which wire rope or strand is wound for storage or shipment. <br /><br />REEVE<br /> To pass a rope through a hole or around a system of sheaves. <br /><br />RESERVE STRENGTH<br /> The strength of a rope exclusive of the outer wires.<br /> =><a href="https://www.hanessupply.com/glossary.asp">https://www.hanessupply.com/glossary.asp</a> <br /><br /> Strength represented by the inner wires of a wire rope.<br /> =><a href="http://www.cableworksriggingco.com/glos.htm">http://www.cableworksriggingco.com/glos.htm</a><br /><br />REVERSE BEND<br /> Reeving a wire rope over sheaves and drums so that it bends in opposing directions. <br /><br />ROLLERS<br /> Relatively small-diameter cylinders, or wide-faced sheaves, that serve as support for ropes. <br /><br />ROTARY LINE<br /> On a rotary drilling rig, it is the wire rope used for raising and lowering the drill pipe, as well as for controlling its position. <br /><br />ROTATION-RESISTANT ROPE<br /> A wire rope consisting of an inner layer of strand laid in one direction covered by a layer of strand laid in the opposite direction. This has the effect of counteracting torque by reducing the tendency of finished rope to rotate. <br /><br />ROUND-WIRE TRACK STRAND<br /> Strand composed of concentric layers of round WIRES, used as TRACK CABLE. <br /><br />SAFETY FACTOR<br /> See DESIGN FACTOR. <br /><br />SAFE WORKING LOAD<br /> This term is potentially misleading and is, therefore, in disfavor. Essentially, it refers to that portion of the nominal rope strength that can be applied either to move or sustain a load. It is misleading because it is only valid when the rope is new and equipment is in good condition. See RATED CAPACITY. <br /><br />SAND LINE<br /> In well drilling, it is the wire rope that operates the bailer that removes water and drill cuttings. <br /><br />SEALE<br /> The name for a type of strand pattern that has two adjacent layers laid in one operation with any number of uniform sized wires in the outer layer, and with the same number of uniform but smaller sized wires in the inner layer. <br /><br />SEIZE<br /> To make a secure binding at the end of a wire rope or strand with SEIZING WIRE or SEIZING STRAND. <br /><br />SEIZING STRAND<br /> Small strand usuall of 7 wires made of soft annealed wire. <br /><br />SEIZING WIRE<br /> Soft annealed wire. <br /><br />SERVE<br /> To cover the surface of a wire rope or strand with a fiber cord or wire wrapping. <br /><br />SHACKLE<br /> A “U” or anchor-shaped fitting with pin. <br /><br />SHEAVE<br /> A grooved pulley for wire rope. <br /><br />SLING, WIRE ROPE<br /> An assembly fabricated from WIRE ROPE which connects the load to the lifting device. <br /><br />SLING, BRAIDED<br /> A flexible sling, the body of which is made up of two or more WIRE ROPES braided together. See SLINGS. <br /><br />SMOOTH-FACED DRUM<br /> Drum with a plain, ungrooved surface. See DRUM. <br /><br />SOCKET<br /> Generic name for a type of wire rope fitting. <br /><br />SPIN RESISTANT<br /> An abandoned term referring to a ROTATION-RESISTANT rope of the 8 x 19 classification. <br /><br />SPIRAL GROOVE<br /> A continuous helical groove that follows a path on and around a drum face, similar to a screw thread. See DRUM. <br /><br />SPLICING <br /> Making a loop or eye in the end of a rope by tucking the ends of the strands back into the main body of the rope. <br />Formation of loops or eyes in a rope by means of mechanical attachments pressed onto the rope. <br />Joining of two rope ends so as to form a long or short splice in two pieces of rope.<br /> <br />STAINLESS STEEL ROPE<br /> Wire rope made up of corrosion resistant steel wires. <br /><br />STEEL CLAD ROPE<br /> Rope with individual strands spirally wrapped with flat steel wire. <br /><br />STONE SAWING STRAND<br /> A plurality of round or shaped wires helically laid about an axis. <br /><br />STRAND<br /> Usually a 3-wire strand used in quarrying stone or slate. <br /><br />STRANDER<br /> A machine that lays wires together helically to form a strand. <br /><br />STRESS<br /> The force or resistance within any solid body against alteration of form; in the case of a solid wire it would be the load on the rope divided by the cross-section area of the wire. <br /><br />STRETCH<br /> The elongation of a wire rope under load. <br /><br />SWAGED FITTING<br /> Fitting into which wire rope can be inserted and then permanently attached by cold pressing (swaging) the shank that encloses the rope. <br /><br />TAG LINE<br /> A small wire rope used to prevent rotation of a load. <br /><br />TAPERING & WELDING<br /> Reducing the diameter of the end of a wire rope and welding it to facilitate reeving. <br /><br /><a href="http://technical-portuguese.blogspot.com/2008/08/thimbles-sapatilha-p-cabo-de-ao.html" title="translate to Dutch & Portuguese with picture">THIMBLE</a><br /> Grooved metal fitting to protect the eye, or fastening loop of a wire rope. <br /><br />TILLER ROPE CABLE<br /> A very flexible operating rope, commonly made by laying six 6x7 ropes around a fiber core resulting in a 6x42 construction. As well as, a 3/32 inch 7x7 galvanized cable coated to an outside diameter of 3/16 inch with vinyl or nylon. <br /><br />TINNED WIRE<br /> Wire coated with tin. <br /><br />TRACK CABLE<br /> On an aerial system it is the suspended wire rope or strand along which the carriers move. <br /><br />TRACTION ROPE<br /> On an aerial conveyor or haulage system it is the wire rope that propels the carriages. <br /><br />TRACTION STEEL ROPE<br /> A specific grade of wire rope. <br /><br />TRAMWAY<br /> An aerial conveying system for transporting multiple loads. <br /><br />TURN<br /> Synonymous with the term WRAP; it signifies a single wrap around a drum. <br /><br />TURNBUCKLE<br /> Device attached to wire rope for making limited adjustments in length. It consists of a barrel and right and left hand thread bolts. <br /><br />WARRINGTON<br /> The name for a type of strand pattern that is characterized by having one of its wire layers (usually the outer) made up of an arrangement of alternately large and small wires. <br /><br />WEDGE SOCKET<br /> Wire rope fittings wherein the rope end is secured by a wedge. <br /><br />WIRE (ROUND)<br /> A single, continuous length of metal, with a circular cross-section that is cold-drawn from rod. <br /><br />WIRE ROPE<br /> A plurality of wire strands helically laid about an axis. <br /><br />WIRE STRAND CORE (WSC)<br /> A wire strand used as the axial member of a wire rope.technical portuguesehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08892838491239485937noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-25883256785706984672009-05-11T17:56:00.000-07:002009-05-11T18:02:12.452-07:00OVERHEAD CRANE GLOSSARY - english terminology<span style="font-weight:bold;">GUIDE TO OVERHEAD CRANES:</span><br /><br />This information is intended to give a general understanding of the terminology used in the overhead crane industry. <br /><br /><br /><span style="font-weight:bold;">CRANE COMPONENTS</span><br /><br />Bridge <br />The main travelling structure of the crane which spans the width of the bay. The bridge consists of two end carriages and one or two bridge girders depending on the Equipment type.<br /><br />End Carriages<br />Located on either side of the span, the end carriages house the wheels on which the entire crane travels. These wheels ride on the gantry beam allowing access to the entire length of the bay.<br /><br />Bridge Girder(s)<br />The principal horizontal beam of the Crane Bridge which supports the trolley and is supported by the end carriages.<br /><br />Trolley Hoist <br />The unit consisting of both the hoist and the trolley frame. In situations where more than one hoist is required on one crane, hoists can be supplied on a single trolley or on separate trolleys.<br /><br />Trolley <br />The trolley carries the hoist across the bay along the bridge girder(s) traversing the span.<br /><br />Hoist <br />The hoist is mounted to the trolley and performs the actual lifting function via a hook or lifting attachment. There are two basic types of Hoist. The first is the Wire Rope Hoist which is very durable and will provide hoist long term, reliable usage. The other type of hoist is the Chain Hoist. These Hoists are used for lower capacity, lighter duty applications and for projects in which cost is a primary deciding factor.<br /><br /><br /><span style="font-weight:bold;">BASIC TERMINOLOGY</span><br /><br />Capacity /SWL <br />The maximum weight the crane will be required to lift.<br /><br />Span <br />The horizontal distance between the rails of the runway or crane is to travel.<br /><br />Height of Lift <br />The required distance from the floor to the crane hook. This dimension is critical in most applications as it determines the height of the Gantry from the floor and is dependent on the clear inside height of the building.<br /><br />Bridge, Trolley and Lift Speeds <br />The rate at which the bridge or trolley travels, or at which the hoist lifts, usually in metres per minute or mpm. You may specify either single speed or two speed travel/lift or a specific rate of speed, (i.e 32 & 8 mpm bridge travel). Another option as far as motion speeds are concerned is a variable frequency drive. See the Control Section for more information.<br /><br /><br /><span style="font-weight:bold;">EQUIPMENT TYPES</span><br /><br /><span style="font-style:italic;">This section specifies the kind of equipment you require. Overhead Cranes come in four basic configurations;<br /></span><br /><br />Top Running<br />The Crane bridge travels on top of rails mounted on a Gantry Beam supported by either the building columns or columns specifically engineered for the crane.<br /><br />Under Running<br />The Crane Bridge travels on the bottom flange of the runway beam which is usually supported by the roof structure or a Goal Post Structure. <br /><br />Single Girder<br />The Crane consists of two end carriages, a single bridge girder and the trolley hoist unit. The trolley runs on the bottom flange of the bridge girder.<br /><br />Double Girder <br />The Crane consists of two end carriages, two bridge girders and the trolley hoist unit. The trolley runs on rails on top of the girders. A variation on these types of overhead crane are Goliath cranes. These cranes are essentially the same as the standard overhead cranes, however the bridge girder(s) are connected to “legs” on either side of the span. These “legs” eliminate the supporting Gantry and column system and connect to the end carriages which run on a rail either embedded in, or laid on top of the floor. For some applications only a Trolley Hoist is required. For instance in the case of a monorail system a Trolley Hoist Unit similar to the one used on single girder cranes is mounted on a beam which might be used to service an assembly line within the clients facility. Other clients may have an existing single or double girder crane bridge and may just want to replace the unit. In most of these situations, capacity permitting, we can provide either a wire rope or chain hoist. Another solution which may fit your needs is a Jib Crane. A jib Crane basically consists of a boom which is supported as a cantilever on a column. A Trolley Hoist travels along the boom which can rotate. <br /><br /><br /><span style="font-weight:bold;">CONTROL</span><br /><br />Pendant<br />The Pendant gives the operator precise control over the motions of the crane. There are many configurations of pendant depending on the functions of the equipment being controlled. Each pushbutton on the pendant controls an operating function of the crane. The pendant may be suspended from the Trolley Hoist, requiring the operator to walk with and beside the load, or on a separate sliding track system allowing the operator to move independently of the load.<br /><br />VFD<br />A pendant can also be used in conjunction with a variable frequency drive. A VFD is used to vary the frequency of the motors controlling the motions allowing for smooth acceleration and deceleration. The buttons on the pendant operate a VFD unit in much the same way as two speed control. The first step is held to maintain the current speed while the second step is used for acceleration. Deceleration is achieved by releasing the button entirely. Pressing the button back to the first step will maintain the new slower speed. It should be noted that the deceleration is not achieved through uncontrolled coasting but through a programmable dynamic braking system. The control provided by a VFD allows for a high level of customization.<br /><br /><br />Radio Control<br />The radio control performs exactly like the pendant but operates using a radio frequency. The radio control incorporates numerous safety features and allows the operator a greater range of operator motion than a pendant. Power Supply – The electrical service available in the building for which the crane is being designed (i.e 415 Volt, 3 phase, 50 Hertz). Enclosures – The enclosures house all the electrical components on the crane and are rated to meet the conditions in the surrounding environment.<br /><br /><br /><span style="font-weight:bold;">GANTRY</span><br /><br />The rails, beams and columns on which the crane operates. The rail on which the end carriages run, is fastened to the Gantry Beam. This Beam is then supported on Columns (Top Running) or from the roof structure (Under Running). The existing building columns can be used or new ones can be supplied with the system. New columns can either be completely free standing or tied back to the existing building structure for additional lateral support. When designing a gantry system that is utilizing existing building columns, it is important to provide the centre to centre spacing between the columns. Conductors supply power to the crane and are mounted on the gantry beam.technical portuguesehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08892838491239485937noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-61174720668535826802009-05-11T17:50:00.000-07:002009-05-11T17:56:01.190-07:00Crane Glossary - English TerminologyAbnormal operating conditions <br /> General <br /> Environmental conditions that are unfavorable, harmful, or detrimental to or for the operation of a crane, such as excessively high or low ambient temperatures, exposure to adverse weather, corrosive fumes, dust-laden or moisture-laden atmospheres, and hazardous locations. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Access platform <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> A limited length platform, located on the idler girder to access to the endtruck wheels only. <br /> <br />Adjustable or variable voltage <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A method of Bridge Crane Control by which the motor supply voltage can be adjusted. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Administrative or regulatory authority <br /> Regulatory <br /> Governmental agency or, in the absence of governmental jurisdiction, the employer. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Ambient temperature <br /> General <br /> The temperature of the atmosphere surrounding the hoist. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Ampacity <br /> Bridge Crane Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> The current carrying capacity expressed in amperes. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Appointed <br /> Regulatory <br /> Assigned specific responsibilities by the employer or the employer’s representative. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Authorized <br /> Regulatory <br /> Appointed by a duly constituted administrative or regulatory authority. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Automatic crane <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> A crane which when activated operates through a preset cycle or cycles. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Automatic dispatch carrier <br /> Monorail <br /> A carrier which when activated operates through a preset cycle or cycles. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Auxiliary hoist <br /> Hoist <br /> A supplemental hoisting unit, usually designed to handle lighter loads at a higher sped than the main host. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Axle, fixed <br /> Drive <br /> A shaft which is fixed in the end truck and about which the wheel revolves. (WCH) <br /> <br />Axle, rotating <br /> Drive <br /> A shaft which is fixed in the wheel and which rotates on bearings fixed in the end truck. (WCH) <br /> <br />B-10 bearing life <br /> General <br /> The B-lO bearing life of an anti-friction bearing is the minimum expected life, in hours, of 9O~7o of a group of bearings which are operated at a given speed and loading. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Base or deck mounted (hoist) <br /> Hoist <br /> A type of mounting where the hoist is mounted to the top side of a horizontal supporting surface. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Battery system (backup) <br /> Below Hook Device <br /> Batteries used to guard against inadvertent load release due to loss of primary power to magnet system. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Beam <br /> Overhead Crane & Hoist <br /> An overhead standard structural or specially fabricated shape on which the trolley operates. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Bearing life <br /> General <br /> The L-10 life of an anti-friction bearing is the minimum expected life, hours, of 90 percent of a group of bearings which are operating-at a given speed and loading. The average expected life of the bearings is approximately five times the L-10 life. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Bearing, lifetime lubricated <br /> General <br /> An antifriction bearing which is provided with seals and a high-stability oxidation-resistant grease to permit operation of the bearing without re-lubrication for not less than the specified B-10 life. <br /> <br />Below the hook device <br /> <br /> <br /> <br />BHN <br /> General <br /> Brinell hardness number, measurement of material hardness. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Block, load <br /> Hoist <br /> The assembly of hook, swivel, bearings, sheaves, pins and frame suspended from the hoisting ropes. In a “short type” block, the hook and the sheaves are mounted on the same member, called the swivel. In a “long type” block, the hook and the sheaves are mounted on separate members. (The supporting member for the sheaves is called the sheave pin and the supporting member for the hook is called the trunnion. (WCH) <br /> <br />Block, upper <br /> Hoist <br /> A fixed assembly of sheaves, bearings, pins and frame, located on the trolley cross members, and which supports the load block and its load by means of the ropes. (WCH) <br /> <br />Bogie <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> A short end truck attached to the end of one girder (or to a connecting member if more than one bogie is used per girder). This type of end truck is used when more than four wheels are required on a crane due to the design of the runway. (WCH) <br /> <br />Bogie, equalizing <br /> Hoist <br /> A short end truck which is flexibly connected to one girder (or connecting member) by means of a pin upon which the truck can oscillate to equalize the loading on the two truck wheels. This construction uses a very rigid end tie between the girders. (WCH) <br /> <br />Bogie, fixed <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> A short end truck which is rigidly connected to one girder. A flexible end tie is used between the girders to permit equalization of the wheel loads by torsional deflection of the girders and flexing of the end tie. (WCH) <br /> <br />Boom (of gantry cranes) <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> An extension of the trolley runway that may be raised or retracted to obtain clearance for gantry travel. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Boom (of overhead cranes) <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> A horizontal member mounted on the trolley to permit hoisting and lowering the load at a point other than directly under the hoist drum or trolley. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Box section <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> The rectangular cross section of girders, trucks or other members enclosed on four sides. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Brake <br /> Overhead Crane & Hoist <br /> A device, other than a motor, used for retarding or stopping motion by friction or power means. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Brake, Bridge Crane Control <br /> Overhead Crane & Hoist <br /> A method of Bridge Crane Controlling speed by removing energy from the moving body or by imparting energy in the opposite direction. (ASME B30-16-1993) <br /> <br />Brake, countertorque (plugging) <br /> Hoist <br /> A method of Bridge Crane Control by which the power to the motor is reversed to develop torque in the direction opposite to the rotation of the motor using the motor as a generator, with the energy being dissipated by resistance. (ASME B30-16-1993) <br /> <br />Brake, drag <br /> Overhead Crane & Hoist <br /> A friction brake that provides a continuous retarding force having no external Bridge Crane Control. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Brake, dynamic <br /> Hoist <br /> A method of Bridge Crane Controlling speed by block, load the assembly of hook or shackle, swivel. bearing, sheaves, sprockets. pins, and frame suspended by the hoisting rope or load chain. This shall include any appurtenances reeved in the hoisting rope or load chain. (ASME B30-16-1993) <br /> <br />Brake, eddy current <br /> Overhead Crane & Hoist <br /> A method of Bridge Crane Controlling or reducing speed by means of an Bridge Crane Electrical induction load brake. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Brake, emergency <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> A method of decelerating a drive when power is not available. The braking effort may be established as a result of action by the operator, or automatically when power to the drive is interrupted.(ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Brake, holding <br /> Overhead Crane & Hoist <br /> A friction brake for a hoist that is automatically applied and prevents motion when power to the brake is off. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Brake, hydraulic <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> A method of Bridge Crane Controlling or reducing speed by means of displacement of a liquid. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Brake, mechanical <br /> Overhead Crane & Hoist <br /> A method of Bridge Crane Controlling or reducing speed by friction. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Brake, mechanical load <br /> Hoist <br /> An automatic type of friction brake used for Bridge Crane Controlling loads in a lowering direction. This unidirectional device requires torque from the motor or hand chain wheel to lower a load but does not impose any additional load on the motor or hand chain wheel when lifting a load. (ASME B30-16-1993) <br /> <br />Brake, parking <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> A brake for bridge and trolley that may be automatically or manually applied to impede horizontal motion by restraining wheel rotation. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Brake, pneumatic <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> A method of Bridge Crane Controlling or powering a drive or brake by means of compressed gas. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Brake, regenerative <br /> Hoist <br /> A method of Bridge Crane Controlling speed in which the electrical energy generated by the motor is fed back into the power system. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Brake, service <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> A brake for bridge or trolley used by the operator, during normal operation, to apply a retarding force. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Branch circuit <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> The circuit conductors between the final overcurrent device protecting the circuit and the outlet(s). (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Breakaway force <br /> Below Hook Device <br /> The external force that is required to separate the vacuum pad or vacuum lifting device from the load when applied perpendicular to the attachment surface. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Bridge <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> That part of an overhead crane consisting of girders, trucks, end ties, walkway and drive mechanism which carries the trolley and travels in a direction parallel to the runway. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Bridge (crane) travel <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> Crane movement in a direction parallel to the crane runway. (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Bridge conductors <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> The electrical conductors located along the bridge structure of a crane to provide power to the trolley. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Bridge crane, top running <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> <br /> <br />Bridge Crane, Under running <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> <br /> <br />Bridge girder (crane girder) <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> Crane member on which carriers or trolleys travel, horizontally mounted between and supported by the end trucks. Building Structure. The structural members of a building which support the building loads and on which the loads of crane or monorail equipment, and the material to be moved, will be imposed. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Bridge rail <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> The rail supported by the bridge girders on which the trolley travels. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Bridge travel <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> The crane movement in a direction parallel to the crane runway. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Bumper (buffer) <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> An energy absorbing device for reducing impact when a moving crane or trolley reaches the end of its permitted travel, or when two moving cranes or trolleys come into contact. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Cab <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> The operator’s compartment on a crane. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Cab Bridge Crane Controlled <br /> <br /> Equipment Bridge Crane Controlled from an operator’s cab. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Cab, normal <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> Operator’s compartment used for Bridge Crane Controlling a cab-operated crane. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Cab, skeleton <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> Operator’s compartment used for occasional cab operation of, normally, a floor- or remote-operated crane or carrier. (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Cab-operated crane <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> A crane Bridge Crane Controlled by an operator in a cab located on the bridge or trolley. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Camber <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> The slight upward vertical curve given to girders to compensate partially for deflection due to hook load and weight of the Crane. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Cantilever frame <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> A structural member that supports the trolley of a wall crane. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Capacity <br /> General <br /> The maximum rated load (in tons) which a cranes designed. to handle. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Carrier (also known as trolley) <br /> Hoist <br /> A unit that travels on the bottom flange of a monorail track, jib boom, or bridge girder to transport a load. (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Carrier (trolley) <br /> Overhead Crane & Hoist <br /> An assembly with wheels which will run on monorail track or crane girders and which will support a load. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Carrier head <br /> Overhead Crane & Hoist <br /> A 2-wheel assembly used with load bars to form a carrier or end truck. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Ceiling mounted <br /> Hoist <br /> A type of hoist mounting where the hoist is mounted to the underside of a horizontal supporting surface. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Chain, hand <br /> Hoist <br /> The chain grasped by the operator to apply force required for lifting, lowering, or traveling motions. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Chain, load <br /> Hoist <br /> The load-bearing chain in a hoist. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Chain, roller <br /> Hoist <br /> A series of alternately assembled roller links and pin links in which the pins articulate inside the bushings and the rollers are free to turn on the bushings. Pins and bushings are press fit in their respective link plates. . (ASME B30-16-1993) <br /> <br />Chain, welded link <br /> Hoist <br /> A chain consisting of a series of interwoven links fanned and welded. (ASME B30-16-1993) <br /> <br />Circuit breaker <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> A device to open and close a circuit by non-automatic means, and to open the circuit automatically on a predetermined overload of current, without injury to itself when properly applied within its rating. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Clamp <br /> Monorail <br /> A type of suspension fitting used to support tracks from an overhead structure fastened to the structure by means of pressure rather than welding or direct bolting. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Clearance <br /> General <br /> Minimum distance from the extremity of a crane to the nearest obstruction. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />CMAA <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> Crane Manufacturers Association of America, Inc. (formerly EQOI—Electric Overhead Crane Institute). (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Cold current <br /> Below hook device <br /> The current drawn by the magnet when its coil is at 680F (200C) and at rated voltage. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Cold current <br /> Below hook device <br /> That current drawn by the magnet when its coil is at 680F (200C) and at rated voltage. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Collector, shoe <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> The portion of a collector which makes contact by sliding on the conductor bar. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Collector, wheel <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> The portion of a collector which makes contact by rolling on the conductor bar. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Collectors <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> Contacting devices for collecting current from the runway or bridge conductors. The mainline collectors are mounted on the bridge to transmit current from the runway conductors, and the trolley collectors are mounted on the trolley to transmit current from the bridge conductors. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Collectors <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> Electrical contacting devices providing a path for current flow from stationary conductors to moving equipment. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Collectors, current <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> Contacting devices for collecting current from runway or bridge conductors. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Conductors, bridge <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> The electrical conductors located along the bridge girder(s) to provide power and Bridge Crane Control circuits to the trolley. (Sometimes incorrectly called trolley conductors). (WCH) <br /> <br />Conductors, enclosed <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> A bar used to transmit an electrical current, enclosed in a non-conducting material to minimize accidental contact with the conductor. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Conductors, open <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> A bar used to transmit an electrical current. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Conductors, runway (main) <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> The electrical conductors located along a crane runway that transmit Bridge Crane Control signals and power to the crane. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Contactor <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> An electromechanical device for opening and closing an electric power circuit. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Contactor, magnetic <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> An electro-magnetic device for opening and closing an electric power circuit. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Bridge Crane Control actuator <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> A manual means at the operating station by which hoist Bridge Crane Controls are energized. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Bridge Crane Control braking means <br /> Overhead Crane & Hoist <br /> A method of Bridge Crane Controlling speed by removing energy from the moving body or by imparting energy in the opposite direction. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Bridge Crane Control enclosure <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> The housing containing the electrical Bridge Crane Control component. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Bridge Crane Control panel <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> See Bridge Crane Control enclosure. <br /> <br />Bridge Crane Control voltage. <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> The voltage impressed on the Bridge Crane Control devices. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Bridge Crane Control, multi-speed <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> A drive Bridge Crane Control system providing more than one speed operation in either direction using multi-speed squirrel cage. motors. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Bridge Crane Control, single speed <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> A drive Bridge Crane Control system providing one speed operation in either direction. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Bridge Crane Control, variable speed <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> A drive Bridge Crane Control system providing more than one speed operation in either direction using wound-rotor motors. <br /> <br />Bridge Crane Controller <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A device for regulating in a pre-determined way the power delivered to the motor or other equipment. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Bridge Crane Controller, manual <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A Bridge Crane Controller having all of its basic functions performed by devices which are operated by hand. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Bridge Crane Controller, spring return <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A Bridge Crane Controller that, when released, will return automatically to a neutral (off) positioning, static, hydraulic, pneumatic, etc.) that governs the flow of power to or from a motor or other equipment in response to signals from a master switch, push-button station, remote Bridge Crane Control, automatic program Bridge Crane Control, or other similar device. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Countertorque <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A method of Bridge Crane Controlling speed by applying a variable motor torque in the direction opposite to the direction that the motor is rotating due to being overhauled by the load. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Couplings (splices) <br /> <br /> Mechanical devices used to join the adjacent ends of track sections. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Cover plate <br /> Overhead Crane <br /> The top or bottom plate of a box girder. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Crane <br /> <br /> A machine for lifting, lowering, and moving a load with the hoisting mechanism a part of the machine. Cranes may be traveling, portable, or fixed type. <br /><br />Traveling Cranes. Cranes that follow a fixed path <br /><br />Underhung Crane. A traveling crane with a movable bridge running on the lower flanges of an overhead fixed runway structure and carrying a movable or fixed hoisting mechanism. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Crane girder <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> See Bridge Girder. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Crane service, heavy <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> Service that involves operating at 85 to 100% of rated load or in excess of 10 lift cycles/hr as a regular specified procedure. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Crane service, normal <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> Service that involves operating at less than 85% of rated load and not more than 10 lift cycles/hr except for isolated instances. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Crane service, normal <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> That service which involves operation with randomly distributed loads within the rated load limit, or with uniform loads of less than 65% of the rated load, for no more than 15% of the time of a single work shift for manually operated cranes and 25% of the time of a single work shift for electrically or pneumatically powered cranes. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Crane service, severe <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> Service that involves normal or heavy service with abnormal operating conditions. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Crane, automatic <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A crane which when activated operates through a preset cycle or cycles. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Crane, cab-operated <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A crane Bridge Crane Controlled by an operator in a cab attached to the bridge or trolley (refer to Fig. 1). (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Crane, cantilever gantry <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A gantry or semigantry crane in which the bridge girders or trusses extend transversely beyond the crane runway on one or both sides (refer to Fig. 2). (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Crane, floor-operated <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A crane that is Bridge Crane Controlled by a means suspended from the crane, operated by a person on the floor or on an independent platform (refer to Fig. 3) (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Crane, gantry <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A crane similar to an overhead crane, except that the bridge for carrying the trolley or trolleys is rigidly supported on two or more legs running on fixed rails or other runway (refer to Fig. 4). (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Crane, hot molten material-handling <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> An overhead crane used for transporting or pouring molten material. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Crane, manually operated <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A crane whose hoist mechanism is driven by pulling an endless chain, or whose travel mechanism is driven in the same manner or by manually moving the load or hook. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Crane, outdoor storage gantry <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A gantry-type crane of long span usually used for storage of bulk material such as ore, coal, or other similar items; the bridge girders or trusses are rigidly or nonrigidly supported on one or more legs. It may have one or more fixed or hinged cantilever ends. . (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Crane, overhead <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A crane with a single or multiple girder movable bridge crane a movable or fixed hoisting mechanism and traveling on an overhead fixed runway structure. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Crane, polar <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> An overhead or gantry crane that travels on a circular runway. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Crane, pulpit-operated <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A crane operated from a fixed operator station not attached to the crane. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Crane, remote-operated <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A crane Bridge Crane Controlled by an operator who is not in a pulpit or in a cab attached to the crane, by any method other than a means suspended from the crane. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Crane, semi-gantry <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A gantry with one end of the bridge rigidly supported on one or more legs that run on a fixed rail or runway, the other end of the bridge being supported by an end truck running on an elevated rail or runway. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Crane, single-girder <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A crane having one bridge girder mounted between, and supported from, the end trucks. (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Crane, standby <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A crane which is not in regular service but which is used occasionally or intermittently as required. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Crane, wall <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A crane having a cantilever frame with or without trolley, and supported from a side wall or line of columns of a building. It is a traveling type and operates on a runway attached to the side wall or columns. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Cranes, fixed <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> Cranes which are non-mobile. Derricks and jib cranes are classified as fixed cranes. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Cranes, portable <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> Cranes having a revolving superstructure with power plant, operating machinery and boom mounted on a fully mobile carriage not confined to a fixed path. Crawler, locomotive and truck cranes are classified as portable cranes. <br /> <br />Creep speed <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A very slow, constant, continuous, fixed rate of motion of the hoist, trolley, or bridge: usually established at 1% to 10% of the normal full load speed. (WCH) <br /> <br />Cross shaft <br /> Crane <br /> The shaft extending across the bridge, used to transmit torque from motor to bridge drive wheels. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Crossover. (fixed transfer section) <br /> Monorail <br /> A connecting track with an interlock mechanism on both ends, mounted between two interlocking cranes, used to transfer a carrier from one bridge to the other. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Crosstrack switch <br /> Monarail <br /> A track switch containing one straight section of moving track pivoted in the center which can be rotated to align it with other crossing tracks to allow passage of a carrier through the junction without changing the direction of the carrier motion. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Curves <br /> Monorail <br /> Formed sections of monorail track used to change the horizontal or vertical direction of carrier travel. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Cushioned start <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> An electrical or mechanical method for reducing the rate of acceleration of a travel motion. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Cushioned start <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> An electrical or mechanical method for reducing the rate of acceleration of trolley motion. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Dead loads <br /> General <br /> The loads on a structure which remain in a fixed position relative to the structure. On a crane bridge such loads include the girders, footwalk, cross shaft, drive units, panels, etc. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Deflection <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> Displacement due to bending or twisting in a vertical or lateral plane, caused by the imposed live and dead loads. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Designated <br /> Regulatory <br /> Selected or assigned by the employer or the employer’s representative as being competent to perform specific duties. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Diaphragm <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A plate or partition between opposite parts of a member, serving a definite purpose in the structural design of the member. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Disconnecting means <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> A device, or group of devices, or other means whereby the conductors of a circuit can be disconnected from their power source. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Double girder crane <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A .crane having two bridge girders mounted between and supported from the end trucks. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Drift point <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> A point on a travel motion master switch or on a manual Bridge Crane Controller that maintains the brake released while the motor is not energized. This allows for coasting. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Drive girder <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> The girder on which the bridge drive machinery is mounted. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Driving head. <br /> Bridge Crane & Monorail <br /> A motordriven carrier head which is supported from and propelled by the load bearing wheels. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Drop section (also known as lift section) <br /> Monorail <br /> A mechanism that will permit a section of track(s) to be lifted or lowered out of alignment with the stationary track(s). (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Drum <br /> Hoist <br /> The cylindrical member around which rope is wound for lifting or lowering the load. (ASME B30-16-1993) <br /> <br />Dummy cab <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> An operator’s compartment or platform on a pendant or radio Bridge Crane Controlled crane, having no permanently-mounted electrical Bridge Crane Controls, in which an operator may ride while Bridge Crane Controlling the crane. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Dynamic <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A method of Bridge Crane Controlling speed by using the motor as a generator, with the energy being dissipated by resistance. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Dynamic lowering <br /> Hoist <br /> A method of Bridge Crane Control by which the hoist motor is so connected in the lowering direction, that when it is over-hauled by the load, it acts as a generator and forces current either through the resistors or back into the line. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Eddy current <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> See eddy current braking <br /> <br />Eddy-current braking <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A method of Bridge Crane Control by which the motor drives through an electrical induction load brake. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Electric baffle <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> Conductors that are wired to cut off electric power to approaching motor-driven equipment if track switches, drop sections, and other movable track devices are not properly set for passage of equipment. (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Electric overhead traveling crane <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> An electrically operated machine for lifting, lowering and transporting loads, consisting of a movable bridge carrying a fixed or movable hoisting mechanism and traveling on an overhead runway structure. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Electrical braking system <br /> Hoist <br /> A method of Bridge Crane Controlling crane motor speed when in an overhauling condition, without the use of friction braking. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Electrically interlocked <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> An electrical device in the starter circuit which prevents a short circuit when opposite Bridge Crane Controls are operated at the same time. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Electrification. <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> The track mounted conductor system by which the moving equipment receives its electrical power. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Enclosed conductor <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> A conductor or group of conductors substantially enclosed to prevent accidental contact. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Enclosure <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> A housing to contain electrical components, usually specified by a NEMA classification number. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />End approach <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> The minimum horizontal distance, parallel to the runway, between the outermost extremities of the crane and the centerline of the hook. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />End stop <br /> Bridge Crane & Runway <br /> A device to limit travel of a trolley or crane bridge. This device normally is attached to a fixed structure and normally does not have energy absorbing ability. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />End tie <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A structural member other than the end truck which connects the ends of the girders to maintain the squareness of the bridge. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />End truck <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> An assembly consisting of the frame and wheels which support the crane girder(s) and allow movement along the runway. (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />End truck loa <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> <br /> <br />Equalizer <br /> Hoist <br /> A device which compensates for unequal length or stretch of a rope or chain. (ASME B30-16-1993) <br /> <br />Exposed <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> Applies to hazardous objects not guarded or isolated (capable of being contacted inadvertently). (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Fail-safe <br /> General <br /> A provision designed to automatically stop or safely Bridge Crane Control any motion in which a malfunction occurs. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Field wiring <br /> General <br /> The wiring required after erection of the crane. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Fixed axle <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> An axle which is fixed in the truck and on which the wheel revolves. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Fixed Transfer Section <br /> <br /> See Crossover. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Fixed transfer section (also known as crossover) <br /> Monorail <br /> A connecting track with an interlock mechanism on both ends, mounted between two interlocking cranes, used to transfer a carrier from one bridge to the other. (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Fleet angle <br /> Hoist <br /> The angle formed by the wire rope and the drum groove or sheave groove in the plane which contains the wire rope and is parallel to the drum or sheave axis. (WCH) <br /> <br />Floor Bridge Crane Controlled <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> Motor propelled units which are Bridge Crane Controlled by an operator on the floor by means of pushbutton station suspended from the overhead equipment. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Foot walk <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> The full length walkway with handrail and toeboards, attached to the bridge or trolley for access purposes. Not to be confused with an access platform (usually a short platform provided only to access endtruck). <br /> <br />Force, breakaway <br /> Below hook device <br /> — the force that must be applied to a magnet to remove it from a piece of ferromagnetic material to which it is magnetically attached. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Fork <br /> Below hook device <br /> A mechanical device for use on interlocking transfer equipment to mechanically prevent passage. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Friction-type pressure gripping lifters <br /> Below hook device <br /> Lifters that grip the load without significant or harmful permanent deformation of the load surface (see Figs. 17 through 21). (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Gantry crane <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A crane similar to an overhead crane except that the bridge for carrying the trolley or trolleys is rigidly supported on two or more legs running on fixed rails or other runway. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Gantry leg <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> The structural member which supports a bridge girder or end tie from the sill. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Gauge <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> The center-to-center distance between the load carrying flanges of the two crane girders of a double girder crane. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Girder, auxiliary (outrigger) <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> An additional girder, either solid or latticed, arranged parallel to the bridge girder(s) for supporting the foot-walk, Bridge Crane Control panels, operator’s cab, etc., to reduce the torsional forces such loads might otherwise impose. (WCH) <br /> <br />Girder, bridge <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> The principal horizontal beam(s) of the crane, which supports the trolley, is supported by the end trucks, and is perpendicular to the runway. (WCH) <br /> <br />Girder, drive (girder “a”) <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> The bridge girder to which the bridge motor and gearcase(s) are attached. For cranes having a drive on each girder, it is the girder to which the Bridge Crane Control panels and/or the cab are attached. (WCH) <br /> <br />Girder, idler (girder “b”) <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> The bridge girder which does not have the bridge drive attached, but which usually carries the bridge conductors. (WCH) <br /> <br />Girder, runway <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A horizontal beam attached to the building columns or wall, and supporting a runway rail on which the crane travels. (WCH) <br /> <br />Glide switch (sliding switch) <br /> Monorail <br /> A track switch with a movable end frame containing straight and/or curved sections of track. The inner frame can be slid to align these sections of track with other tracks for routing carriers from one track to another. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Grip ratio <br /> Below hook device <br /> The ratio of the sum of the horizontal forces on one side of the load to the live weight of the load. For example, if the total horizontal force on one side of the load is 100,000 lb. and the live load is 50,000 lb. the grip ratio is 2. For purposes of this calculation, the weight of the load does not include the weight of the lifter (see Fig. I). (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Gripping force <br /> Below hook device <br /> The force the lifting device exerts on the load. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Ground fault <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> An accidental conducting connection between the electrical circuit or equipment and the earth or some conducting body that serves in place of the earth. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Guide, chain <br /> Hoist <br /> A means to guide the load chain at the load sprocket. (ASME B30-16-1993) <br /> <br />Hand chain <br /> Hoist <br /> The chain provided to Bridge Crane Control movement of a hand chain operated trolley. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Hanger rod <br /> Monorail <br /> A steel rod which, together with other fittings, is used to suspend the track from the supporting structure. (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Hanger rod. <br /> Bridge Crane & Monorail <br /> Steel rods which, together with other fittings, are used to suspend the track from the supporting structure. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Hazardous (classified) locations <br /> Regulatory <br /> Locations where fire or explosion hazards may exist. Locations are classified depending on the properties of the flammable vapors, liquids or gases. or combustible dusts or fibers which may be present and the likelihood that a flammable or combustible concentration or quantity is present. Refer to ANSI/NFPA 70. <br /><br />— Class I locations <br /><br />— Locations in which flammable gases or vapors are or may be present in the air in quantities sufficient to produce explosive or ignitable mixtures <br /><br />— Class 2 locations <br /><br />— Locations that are hazardous because of the presence of combustible dust <br /><br />— Class 3 locations <br /><br />— Locations that are hazardous because of the presence of easily ignitable fibers or filings, but in which such fibers or filings are not likely to be in suspension in the air in quantities sufficient to produce ignitable mixtures. (ASME B30-16-1993) <br /> <br />Headroom <br /> Hoist <br /> Headroom is measured with the load hook at its upper limit of travel and is the distance from the saddle of the load hook to the following locations (see Fig. 1) <br /><br />— (a) centerline of the suspension holes on lug suspended hoists [see Fig. 1, sketch (a)]; <br /><br />— (b) saddle of the top hook on hook suspended hoists [see Fig. 1, sketch (b)]; <br /><br />— (c) bottom of the beam on trolley suspended hoists [see Fig. 1, sketch (c)]; <br /><br />— (d) supporting surface on base and deck mounted hoists [see Fig. 1, sketch (d)]; <br /><br />— (e) uppermost point of hoist on wall and ceiling mounted hoists [see Fig. 1, sketches (e) and (f)]. . (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />High temperature service <br /> General <br /> A condition where the surface to which the vacuum pad (or pads) is attached is above 2500F (1200C). (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Hoist <br /> Hoist <br /> A suspended machinery unit which is used for lifting or lowering a freely suspended (unguided) load. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Hoist motion <br /> Hoist <br /> That motion which lifts or lowers a load. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Hoist speed <br /> Hoist <br /> Hoist speed is the rate of motion that the load hook attains while lifting rated load. <br /> <br />Hoist, auxiliary <br /> Hoist <br /> A supplemental hoisting unit, usually of lower load rating and higher speed than the main hoist. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Hoist, main <br /> Hoist <br /> The primary hoist mechanism provided for lifting and lowering the rated load of the crane. (WCH) <br /> <br />Holding brake <br /> Hoist <br /> A friction brake for a hoist which is automatically applied and prevents motion when power is off. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Hook approach <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> The minimum horizontal distance between the center of the runway rail and the hook. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Hook approach, end <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> The minimum horizontal distance, parallel to the runway, between the centerline of the hook(s) and the face of the wall (or columns) at the end of the building. (WCH) <br /> <br />Hook approach, side <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> The minimum horizontal distance, perpendicular to the runway, between the centerline of a hook (main or auxiliary) and the centerline of the runway rail. (WCH) <br /> <br />Hook suspended <br /> Hoist <br /> Suspension of hoist from a trolley or rigid structure by means of a hook(s) at top of hoist. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Hook to hook approach <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> <br /> <br />Hook; latch type <br /> Hoist <br /> A type of hook with a mechanical device to bridge the throat opening of the hook. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Horizontal lift <br /> Below hook device <br /> A condition where the surface to which the vacuum pad (or pads) is attached is in a horizontal plane. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Idler sheave <br /> Hoist <br /> A sheave used to equalize tension in opposite parts of a rope. Because of its slight movement, it is not termed a running sheave. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Impact allowance <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> See Impact Factor. <br /> <br />Impact factor <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> Additional hook load assumed to result from the dynamic effect of the live load. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Inch (inching) <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> See “jog”. Often used incorrectly to refer to “creep speed”. (WCH) <br /> <br />Indentation-type pressure gripping lifters <br /> Below hook device <br /> Lifters that carry the load by applying force to indent the sides of the load (see Figs. 15 and 16). (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Indicator, internal Bridge Crane Control function <br /> Below hook device <br /> An indicator which shows that the permanent magnet material in one type of electrically Bridge Crane Controlled permanent magnet has been positioned internally to provide full magnetic attraction. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Inductive load <br /> Below hook device <br /> An electrical load which has a lagging power factor. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Industrial duty crane <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> Service classification covered by CMAA Specification No. 70, ‘Specifications for Electric Overhead Traveling Cranes’. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Ingot turnover grab <br /> Below hook device <br /> A manipulating lifter (see Fig). (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Insulation class <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> Motor winding insulation rating which indicates its ability to withstand heat and moisture. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Interlock mechanism. <br /> Bridge Crane & Monorail <br /> A mechanical device to lock together the adjacent ends of two cranes or a crane to a crossover or spur track to permit the transfer of carriers from one crane or track to the other. <br /> <br />Interlocking crane <br /> Bridge Crane & Monorail <br /> A crane with an interlock mechanism on one or both ends enabling it to be mechanically locked to another crane, crossover, or spur track for the purpose of transferring a carrier from one to another. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Interlocking mechanism <br /> Monorail <br /> A mechanical device to lock together the adjacent ends of two cranes, or a crane to a fixed transfer section or spur track, to permit the transfer of carriers from one crane or track to the other. (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Inverter (variable frequency drive) <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A method of Bridge Crane Control by which the fixed line voltage and frequency is changed to a three-phase system with infinitely variable voltage and frequency. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Jib boom <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A horizontal cantilever track for supporting the carrier. (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Jog (inch) <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> To move the hook, trolley, or bridge in a series of short, discontinuous, increments by momentary operation of a Bridge Crane Controller. (WCH) <br /> <br />KSI <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> Kips per square inch, measurement of stress intensity. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Kip <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> A unit of force, equivalent to 1000 pounds. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Knee brace <br /> General <br /> The diagonal structural member joining the building column and roof truss. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Latch <br /> Below hook device <br /> A device for holding a lifter in the open or closed position. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Latch, automatic <br /> Below hook device <br /> A sequencing latch mechanism operated by lifter motion. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Latch, hook <br /> Hoist <br /> A device used to bridge the throat opening of a hook. (WCH) <br /> <br />Lateral forces <br /> Runway <br /> Horizontal forces perpendicular to the axis of the member being considered. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Lateral hook travel <br /> Hoist <br /> The lateral movement of the load hook between its position at the upper limit of travel and its position at the lower limit of travel. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Lefthand end <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A reference to parts or dimensions on the viewer’s left of the centerline of span, established when facing the drive girder side of the crane. (WCH) <br /> <br />Lift <br /> Hoist <br /> The maximum vertical distance through which the load hook can travel, and the total allowable hook movement between its upper limit of travel and its position when at the lower limit of travel (see Fig. 1) <br /> <br />Lift (hook travel) <br /> Hoist <br /> The maximum vertical distance through which the hook(s) can move, as determined by the length of rope and/or the number of grooves on the drum. (WCH) <br /> <br />Lift cycle <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> Single lifting and lowering motion (with or without load). (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Lift limiting device <br /> Hoist <br /> An electrical, mechanical, or electromechanical device for limiting the upward or downward travel of the load hook at the extremities of lift. This device may limit lift at any point within the extremities of lift, if designed to be adjustable. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Lift section <br /> Monorail <br /> A mechanism which will lift a section of track out of alignment with a stationary track. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Lifting beam (spreader beam) <br /> Below hook device <br /> A load supporting lifter (see Fig. 2). (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Lifting devices <br /> Hoist <br /> Devices which are not normally reeved onto the hoist rope or chain, such as hook-on buckets, magnets. grabs. and other supplemental devices used for ease of handling certain types of loads. The weight of these devices is to be considered part of the load to be lifted. (ASME B30-16-1993) <br /> <br />Limit device <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A device which is operated by some part or motion of a power driven hoist to limit motion. (ASME B30-16-1993) <br /> <br />Limit switch <br /> General <br /> A device designed to cut off the power automatically at or near the limit of travel for the crane motion. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Line contactor <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A contactor to disconnect power from the supply lines. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Live load <br /> General <br /> A load which moves relative to the structure under consideration. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Load <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> The total superimposed weight on the load block or hook. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Load (capacity), rated <br /> General <br /> The maximum load that the lifting magnet is designated to handle by the manufacturer. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Load (capacity), specified application <br /> General <br /> A load applied to the lifting magnet when it is used to handle a specified load. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Load (maximum), specified <br /> General <br /> A load identified by part number or other Bridge Crane Controlled definition. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Load bar <br /> Hoist <br /> A load-carrying member between carriers load block the assembly of hook or shackle, swivel, bearing, sheaves, pins, and frame suspended by the hoist rope or load chain. This shall include any appurtenances reeved in the hoisting rope or load chain. (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Load block <br /> Hoist <br /> The assembly of hook or shackle, swivel, bearing, sheaves, pins, and frame suspended by the hoisting rope or load chain. This shall include any appurtenances reeved in the hoisting ropes. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Load carrying flange. <br /> Bridge Crane & Monorail <br /> The lower flange of the track on which the load bearing wheels roll. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Load cycle <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> One lift cycle with load plus one lift cycle without load. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Load hook <br /> Hoist <br /> the hook used to connect the load to the hoist. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Load suspension parts— <br /> Hoist <br /> The load suspension parts of the hoist are the means of suspension (hook or lug). the structure or housing which supports the drum or load sprocket. the drum or load sprocket. the rope or load chain, the sheaves or sprockets. And the load block or hook. (ASME B30-16-1993) <br /> <br />Load, dead <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> The load(s) on a portion of the crane, which remain(s) in affixed position relative to the member being considered. (WCH) <br /> <br />Load, live <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> A load which moves or varies relative to the member being considered. For the trolley, the live load consists of the rated load plus the weight of the block. For the bridge, the live load consists of the rated load plus the weight of the trolley. (WCH) <br /> <br />Load, rated <br /> Hoist <br /> The maximum load designated by the manufacturer for which a crane or individual hoist is designed and built. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Lock bar sheer lifter <br /> <br /> A supporting lifter (see Fig. II) . (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Longitudinal stiffeners <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> Horizontal members attached to the web of the bridge girder to prevent web buckling. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Low temperature service <br /> Below hook device <br /> A condition where the surface to which the vacuum pad (or pads) is attached is below 00F (—180C). (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Lug <br /> Bridge Crane & Monorail <br /> A mechanical device fixed to the end truck or wheel yoke which will prevent the crane or carrier from falling in the event of a wheel or axle failure. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Lug suspended <br /> Hoist <br /> A hoist suspended from a trolley or permanent structure by means of bolt(s) or pin(s) through a rigid or swivel type lug. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Magnet <br /> Below hook device <br /> An electromagnetic device carried on a hoist hook, used to pick up and carry loads magnetically. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Magnet, lifting <br /> Below hook device <br /> (a) electromagnet, battery-powered — a magnet which requires continuous current supplied by a battery to maintain holding force (see Fig. 32) <br /><br />(b) electromagnet, externally powered — a magnet suspended from a crane which requires power from a source external to the crane <br /><br />(c) permanent magnet, electrically Bridge Crane Controlled — a magnet which derives holding force from permanent magnet material and requires current only during the period of attachment or release (see Fig. 33) <br /><br />(d) permanent magnet. manually Bridge Crane Controlled — a magnet which derives holding force from permanent magnet material and requires a manual effort during period of attachment or release (see Fig. 34). (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Magnet, lifting, close proximity operated <br /> Below hook device <br /> A lifting magnet used in such a fashion that the operator manually positions the magnet on the load, and manually guides the magnet and load during a lift. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Magnet, lifting, close proximity operated <br /> Below hook device <br /> A lifting magnet used in such a fashion that the operator manually positions the magnet on the load, and manually positions the magnet and load during a lift. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Magnet, lifting, general application <br /> Below hook device <br /> Lifting magnets that are intended by the manufacturer to be used on a number of different geometrical shapes and do not fall under the category of remotely operated lifting magnets. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Magnet, lifting, remotely operated <br /> Below hook device <br /> A lifting magnet which does not require the operator or other personnel to be in close proximity to the magnet or its load while the magnet is in use (see Figs. 35 and 36). (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Magnet, lifting, submersible <br /> Below hook device <br /> — a special magnet that has been designed to be immersed in liquid. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Magnet. Lifting, specified application <br /> <br /> Lifting magnets that are designed for lifting specified geometrical configurations and weights of designated parts, identified by part number or other Bridge Crane Controlled definition and used in a Bridge Crane Controlled manner. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Magnetic Bridge Crane Control <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A means of Bridge Crane Controlling direction and speed by using magnetic contactors and relays. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Main hoist <br /> Hoist <br /> The primary hoist mechanism provided for lifting and lowering the rated load. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Main line contactor <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A magnetic contactor used in the incoming power circuit from the main line collectors. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Main line disconnect switch <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A manual switch which breaks the power lines leading from the main line collectors. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Man trolley <br /> Monorail <br /> A trolley having an operator’s cab attached to it. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Manipulating lifter <br /> Below hook device <br /> A lifter that rotates the load about one or more axes during the lifting process (see Figs. 22 through 26). (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Manual-magnetic disconnect switch <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A power disconnecting means consisting of a magnetic-contactor that can be operated by remote pushbutton and can be manually operated by a handle on the switch. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Master switch <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A manually operated device which serves to govern the operation of contactors and auxiliary devices of an electric Bridge Crane Control. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Match marking <br /> General <br /> Identification of non-interchangeable parts for reassembly after shipment. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Mean effective load <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> A load used in durability calculations accounting for both maximum and minimum loads. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Mechanical braking means <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> A method of Bridge Crane Controlling or reducing speed by friction. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Mechanical load brake <br /> Hoist <br /> An automatic type of friction brake used for Bridge Crane Controlling loads in a lowering direction. This unidirectional device requires torque from the motor to lower a load but does not impose additional load on the motor when lifting a load.. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Mechanically interlocked <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A mechanical device which prevents operation of opposite Bridge Crane Controls at the same time. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Messenger track <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A horizontal member, mounted along a handrail or girder, supporting movable carriers from which festooned wires are hung. The festooned wires may be used to transmit current from the bridge to the trolley or from the bridge to a pendant Bridge Crane Control unit. (WCH) <br /> <br />Mill duty crane <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> Service classification covered by AISE Standard No. 6, ‘Specification for Electric Overhead Traveling Cranes for Steel Mill Service’. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Monorail <br /> Monorail <br /> An overhead track upon which carriers travel, used to transport loads. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Motor circuit switch <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A switch, rated in horsepower, capable of interrupting the maximum operating overload current of a motor of the same horsepower rating as the switch at the rated voltage. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Multiple-pad mechanical vacuum lifter <br /> Below hook device <br /> See Fig. 29 . <br /> <br />Non-coasting mechanical drive <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A drive with coasting characteristics such that it will stop the motion within a distance in feet equal to 10 percent of the rated speed in feet per minute when traveling at rated speed with rated load. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Normal operating conditions <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> Conditions during which a hoist is performing functions within the scope of the original design. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Normal operating conditions (of cab-operated cranes or carriers) <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> Conditions during which a crane or carrier is performing functions within the scope of the original design. Under these conditions, the operator manually operated hoists, and 25% of the time for electric or pneumatic-powered hoists, of a single work shift. (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Normal operating conditions (of floor-operated cranes) <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> Conditions during which a crane is performing functions within the scope of the original design. Under these conditions, the operator is at the operating Bridge Crane Control devices that are attached to the crane but operated with the operator off the crane, and there is no person on the crane. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Normal walking speed. <br /> General <br /> A walking speed assumed to be 150 feet per minute (45.7 meters per minute). of a carrier when the elements are not securely locked. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Operator’s cab <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> The operator’s compartment from which movements of the crane are Bridge Crane Controlled. To be specified by the manufacturer as open, having only sides or a railing around the operator, or enclosed, complete with roof, windows, etc. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Overload <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> Any load greater than the rated load.(CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Overload limit device <br /> Hoist <br /> Refer to Section 4.3 for a complete definition. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Overload protection (overcurrent) <br /> Hoist <br /> A device operative on excessive current to cause and maintain the interruption or reduction of current flow to the equipment governed. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Overspeed lifting <br /> Hoist <br /> <br /> <br />Overtravel restraint <br /> Hoist <br /> A device used to prevent the slack load chain from inadvertently being lowered out of the load sprocket. (ASME B30-16-1993) <br /> <br />Parts (lines) <br /> Hoist <br /> Number of lines of rope supporting the load block or hook. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Patented track <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A generic term referring to crane and monorail equipment built in accordance with the MMA specification utilizing a composite track section incorporating a proprietary bottom flange shape. (CMAA Spec 74) <br /> <br />Pawl <br /> Hoist <br /> A device for holding the machinery against undesired rotation by engaging a ratchet. (ASME B30-16-1993) <br /> <br />Peel-off <br /> Below hook device <br /> A prying action which takes place when deflection of an overhanging load exceeds the compensating ability of the vacuum pad or vacuum lifting device resulting in loss of load. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Pendant pushbutton station <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> Means suspended from the crane operating the Bridge Crane Controllers from the floor or other level beneath the crane. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Pitch diameter <br /> Hoist <br /> The distance from center to center of a rope passing over a sheave or wound on a drum, measured across the diameter of the sheave or drum power transmission parts the power transmission parts of the hoist are the machinery components, including the gears, shafts, clutches, couplings, bearings, motors, and brakes. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Pitch diameter (rope) <br /> Hoist <br /> Distance through the center of ~ drum or sheave from center to center of a rope passed about the periphery. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Plain reversing Bridge Crane Control <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> A reversing Bridge Crane Control which has identical characteristics for both directions of motor rotation. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Plugging <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A Bridge Crane Control function which accomplishes braking by reversing the motor line voltage polarity or phase sequence. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Plugging relay <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A current relay used on a bridge or trolley Bridge Crane Control panel which senses current in the motor secondary circuit of an alternating current motor and limits reverse torque of the motor to the first Bridge Crane Control point until the motor rotation has stopped. In a direct current Bridge Crane Control panel, the relay performs the same function by establishing a patented sensing circuit at the motor armature. (Sometimes called an anti- plugging relay.) (WCH) <br /> <br />Primary upper limit device <br /> Hoist <br /> The first device that, when actuated, limits hoisting motion in the upward direction. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /><br />Important, this is not to be used as a operational limit switch. <br /> <br />Process crane <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> <br /> <br />Protective panel <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> An assembly containing overload and undervoltage protection for all crane motions. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Pulpit Bridge Crane Controlled <br /> Bridge Crane & Monorail <br /> A unit operated from a fixed operator station not attached to the crane. Pushbutton Station. A device consisting of pushbutton operated contacts in an enclosure used by the operator for Bridge Crane Control of the powered motions of the crane, hoist, and other auxiliary equipment. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Push button station <br /> Hoist <br /> An electrical Bridge Crane Control device, consisting of push button operated contacts, used by the operator for the Bridge Crane Control of the powered motions of the crane, hoist, and other auxiliary equipment. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Qualified person <br /> Regulatory <br /> A person who, by possession of a recognized degree or certificate of professional standing or by extensive knowledge, training, and experience, has successfully demonstrated the ability to solve or resolve problems relating to the subject matter and work. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Radio Bridge Crane Controlled <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A unit operated from a radio transmitter located at a point not mechanically attached to the device being Bridge Crane Controlled. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Rail sweep <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A device attached to the crane and located in front of the crane’s leading wheels to push aside loose obstructions. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Rail, bridge <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> The track supported by the bridge girder(s), on which the trolley travels. (WCH) <br /> <br />Rail, runway <br /> Runway <br /> The track supported by the runway beams, on which the crane travels. (WCH) <br /> <br />Rated load (capacity) <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> The maximum load designated by the manufacturer for which a crane or individual hoist is designed and built. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Reach <br /> Hoist <br /> Reach is equal to lift plus headroom. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Reeving <br /> Hoist <br /> The reeving of the hoist is the path of the rope between the hoist and the load block <br /><br />— (a) double reeving two parts of line leading off of the drum (see Fig. 2). <br /><br />— (b) single reeving one part of the line leading off of the drum (see Fig. 2). (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Regenerative braking means <br /> Hoist <br /> A method of Bridge Crane Controlling speed in which the electrical energy generated by the motor is fed back into the power system rope refers to wire rope unless otherwise specified. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Regulated speed <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> A function which tends to maintain constant motor speed for any load for a given speed setting of the Bridge Crane Controller. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Remote Bridge Crane Controlled <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A unit operated from a Bridge Crane Control station located at a point not mechanically attached to the device being Bridge Crane Controlled. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Righthand end <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A reference to parts or dimensions on the viewer’s right of the centerline of span, established when facing the drive girder side of the crane. (WCH) <br /> <br />Rope <br /> Hoist <br /> Refers to wire rope unless otherwise specified. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Rope drum <br /> Hoist <br /> The cylindrical member around which the rope is wound for lifting and lowering the load. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Rope sheave <br /> Hoist <br /> A grooved wheel used with a rope to change direction and point of application of a pulling force. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Rotary switch <br /> Monorail <br /> A track switch with a movable inner frame containing straight and/or curve sections of track. The inner frame can be rotated around a vertical axis to align these tracks with other tracks for routing carriers from one track to another. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Rotating axle <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> An axle which rotates with the wheel.(CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Running sheave <br /> Hoist <br /> A sheave that rotates as the hook is lifted or lowered. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Runway <br /> Runway <br /> The rails, beams, brackets and framework on which the crane operates. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Runway conductors <br /> Runway <br /> The main conductors mounted on or parallel to the runway which supplies current to the crane. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Runway rail <br /> Runway <br /> The rail supported by the runway beams on which the bridge travels. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />S section <br /> Bridge Crane & Runway <br /> A standard beam shape as defined by the American Institute of Steel Construction. (CMAA Spec. 74) <br /> <br />Safety lug <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A mechanical device fixed securely to the end truck or trolley yoke which will limit the fall of the crane or carrier in case of wheel or axle failure. (CMAA Spec. 74) <br /> <br />Service platform <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A means provided for workers to perform maintenance, inspections, adjustments, and repairs of cranes (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Service, heavy <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> That service which involves operation within the rated load limit which exceeds normal service. (ASME B30-16-1993) <br /> <br />Service, normal <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> That distributed service which involves operation with randomly distributed loads within the rated load limit, or uniform loads less than 65% of rated load for not more than 15% of the time for manually operated hoists, and 25% of the time for electric-or air-powered hoists. (ASME B30-16-1993) <br /> <br />Service, severe <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> That service which involves normal or heavy service with abnormal operating conditions. (ASME B30-16-1993) <br /> <br />Shall <br /> Regulatory <br /> This word indicates that a rule is mandatory and must be followed. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Shear breakaway force <br /> Below hook device <br /> The external force that is required to separate or slide the vacuum pad or vacuum lifting device on the load when the force is applied parallel to the attached load surface. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Sheave <br /> Hoist <br /> A grooved wheel or pulley used with a rope or chain to change direction and point of application of a pulling force. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Sheave, running <br /> Hoist <br /> A sheave which rotates as the load block is lifted or lowered. (ASME B30-16-1993) <br /> <br />Sheave; nonrunning (equalizer) <br /> Hoist <br /> A sheave used to equalize tension in opposite parts of the rope. Because of its slight movement, it is not termed a running sheave. . (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Should <br /> Regulatory <br /> This word indicates that a rule is a recommendation, the advisability of which depends on the facts in each situation. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Side pull <br /> Hoist <br /> The component of the hoist pull acting horizontally when the hoist lines are not operated vertically. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Simple beam <br /> General <br /> A structural member supported and unrestrained at each end and subjected to loads acting transversely to its longitudinal axis. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Single reeved <br /> Hoist <br /> <br /> <br />Skeleton cab <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> Same as dummy cab. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Skewing forces <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> Lateral forces on the bridge truck wheels caused by the bridge girders not running perpendicular to the runways. Some normal skewing occurs in all bridges. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Span <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> The horizontal distance center-to-center of runway rails. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Splice <br /> Bridge Crane & Monorail <br /> A mechanical device used to join the adjacent ends of track sections. (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Spring return <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A device used on a manual Bridge Crane Controller, master switch, or pushbutton to cause the unit to return automatically to the neutral position, when released by the operator. (WCH) <br /> <br />Sprocket, idle <br /> Hoist <br /> A freely rotating device that changes the direction of the load chain. (ASME B30-16-1993) <br /> <br />Sprocket. Load <br /> Hoist <br /> A hoist component that transmits motion to the load chain. This component is sometimes called load wheel, load sheave, pocket wheel, or chain wheel. (ASME B30-16-1993) <br /> <br />Spur track <br /> Monorail <br /> A fixed track arranged to interlock with an adjacent crane girder to permit passage of carriers from the spur track to the crane, and vice versa. (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Squaring shaft <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A driven shaft which transmits torque to drive wheels operating on two or more tracks. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Standby equipment <br /> Bridge Crane & Hoist <br /> Equipment that is not in regular service but which is used occasionally or intermittently as required. (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Static Bridge Crane Control <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A method of switching electrical circuits without the use of contacts. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Stationary track. <br /> <br /> A fixed track attached to the building or supporting structure. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Stepless Bridge Crane Control <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A type of Bridge Crane Control system with infinite speed Bridge Crane Control between minimum speed and full speed. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Stepped Bridge Crane Control <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A type of Bridge Crane Control system with fixed speed points. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Stop <br /> Runway <br /> A device to limit travel of a trolley or crane bridge. This device normally is attached to a fixed structure and normally does not have energy absorbing ability. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Strength, average ultimate <br /> General <br /> The average tensile force per unit of cross sectional area required to rupture the material as determined by test. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Stress <br /> General <br /> Load or force per unit area tending to deform the material usually expressed in pound per square inch. (CMAA Spec. 74) <br /> <br />Stripper <br /> Hoist <br /> A device that aids the load chain in leaving the load sprocket. (ASME B30-16-1993) <br /> <br />Structural lifting device <br /> Below hook device <br /> A lifter consisting of an assembly of rigid parts designed to hold and attach a load to a hoistway device. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Structural supports <br /> Runways <br /> Structural members provided for the support of runways or monorail track and switches. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Supporting lift <br /> Below hook device <br /> A lifter that carries the load on rigid projection(s) or bearing surface(s) (see Figs. 2 through 14). (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Supporting structure. <br /> Runways <br /> The structure used for the support of a monorail or crane system. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Suspension fittings <br /> Bridge Cranes & Hoist <br /> Fittings used to attach the track to the supporting structure. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Sweep <br /> Bridge Crane & Runway <br /> Maximum lateral deviation from straightness of a structural member, measured at right angles to the Y-Y axis. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Switch, cross-track <br /> Monorail <br /> A track switch containing one straight section of track, pivoted about the center, which can be rotated to align with other crossing tracks to allow passage of the carrier through the junction without changing the direction of the carrier motion. (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Switch, emergency stop <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A manually actuated switch to disconnect power independently of the regular operating Bridge Crane Controls. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Switch, glide (slide) <br /> Monorail <br /> A track switch with a movable inner frame containing straight or curved sections of track. The inner frame can be moved to align these sections of track with other fixed tracks to permit routing of carriers. (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Switch, limit <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A device that is actuated by the motion of a part of a power-driven machine or equipment to alter or disconnect the electric, hydraulic, or pneumatic circuit associated with the machine or equipment. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Switch, main (crane disconnect) <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A switch on the crane Bridge Crane Controlling the main power supply from the runway conductors. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Switch, master <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> Switch that dominates the operation of contactors, relays, or other remotely operated devices. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Switch, master, spring-return <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A master switch that when released will return automatically to a neutral (OFF) position. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Switch, runway disconnect <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A switch, usually at floor level, Bridge Crane Controlling the main power supply to the runway conductors. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Switch, tongue <br /> Monorail <br /> A track switch containing one straight section of track, pivoted at one end, which can be swung to various positions to connect with fixed tracks for routing of carriers. (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Switch, track <br /> Monorail <br /> A device with a moving section of track that can be moved to permit passage of a carrier from incoming fixed track(s) to outgoing fixed track(s). (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Tagline <br /> Bridge Crane Electrical <br /> An electrical conductor system employing flexible cables. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Technical lifting device <br /> Below hook device <br /> A mechanism composed of two or more rigid parts which move with respect to each other for attaching a load to a hoisting device. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />TENC <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> Totally enclosed fan cooled. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />TENV <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> Totally enclosed non ventilated. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Test, application breakaway force <br /> Below hook device <br /> A test that is carried out in accordance with instructions from the manufacturer of the lifting magnet in order to establish the application breakaway force. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Test, rated breakaway force <br /> Below hook device <br /> A test that is carried out per para. 20-3.3.2(b)(2) in order to establish the rated breakaway force. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Tongue switch. <br /> Monorail <br /> A switch that contains one straight section of track, pivoted at one end, which can be swung to various positions to connect with other tracks for transfer of carriers from one to the other. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Top running crane <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> An electric overhead traveling crane having the end trucks supported on rails attached to the top of the crane runway.(CMAA Spec. 74) <br /> <br />Torque, full load (motor) <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> The torque produced by a motor operating at its rated horsepower and speed. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Torque, locked rotor <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> The minimum torque which a squirrel- cage motor will develop at rest, for all angular positions of the rotor, with rated voltage applied at rated frequency. Not applicable to wound-rotor (slip-ring) motors. (WCH) <br /> <br />Torque, motor breakdown <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> The maximum torque which a squirrel-cage or wound-rotor (slip-ring) motor will develop with rated voltage applied at rated frequency, without an abrupt drop in speed. (WCH) <br /> <br />Torque, motor full load <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> The torque developed by an electric motor (A.C. or D.C.) to produce its rated horsepower at rated full load speed. (WCH) <br /> <br />Torque, motor pull up <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> The minimum torque developed by a squirrel cage or wound rotor (slip-ring) motor during the period of acceleration from rest to the speed at which breakdown torque occurs. For squirrel cage motors with 8% or greater slip, the pull up torque, the breakdown torque, and the starting torque are all equal and occur at zero speed. (WCH) <br /> <br />Torsional box girder <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> Girder in which the trolley rail is located over one web. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Torsional forces <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> Forces which can cause twisting of a member. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Track <br /> Monorail <br /> The structural member that supports the carrier or crane wheels. (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Track capacity. <br /> Bridge Crane & Monorail <br /> The design load which consists of the rated load, impact allowance and load imposed by the weight of the equipment.(ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Track curves <br /> Monorail <br /> Curved sections of monorail track used to change the direction of carrier travel. (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Track hangers <br /> Monorail <br /> Fittings used to suspend the track from the supporting structure. (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Track joint <br /> Monorail <br /> The point at which two sections of track are joined together. (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Track joint <br /> <br /> The point at which two sections of track are joined together. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Track opener <br /> Monorail <br /> A section of monorail track arranged to lift or swing out of line to make an opening through which a door may pass. (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Tractor drive <br /> Bridge Crane & Monorail <br /> A motordriven unit supported from wheels and propelled by drive wheel or wheels bearing on the underside of the track. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Trolley <br /> Hoist <br /> A wheeled mechanism from which a hoist is suspended to provide horizontal motion of the hoist along a beam. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Trolley <br /> <br /> See Carrier. <br /> <br />Trolley (carrier) <br /> Hoist <br /> The unit which travels on the bottom flange of the bridge girder and carries the hoist. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Trolley frame <br /> Hoist <br /> The basic structure of the trolley on which are mounted the hoisting and traversing mechanisms. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Trolley speed <br /> Hoist <br /> Trolley speed is the rate of motion that a motor operated trolley (and hoist) attains while traveling along a beam. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Trolley suspended <br /> Hoist <br /> Suspension of hoist from a trolley. Hoist can be connected to trolley by hook, clevis, or lug suspension, or the hoist can be integral with trolley. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Trolley travel <br /> Hoist <br /> The trolley movement in directions at right angles to the crane runway. (ASME B30-17) <br /> <br />Truck <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> A unit consisting of a frame, wheels, bearings, and axles that supports the bridge girders, the end ties of an overhead crane, or the sill of a gantry crane unattended a condition in which the operator of a crane is not at the operating Bridge Crane Control devices. However, on a floor-operated crane, if the operating Bridge Crane Control devices are within sight of the operator and within a distance equal to the span of the crane, the crane. e should be considered attended. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />True vertical lift <br /> Hoist <br /> In true vertical lift, the load hook travels in a true vertical path between the lower limit of lift and the upper limit of lift. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Turntable <br /> Monorail <br /> A track device with a movable inner frame containing a straight section of track which can be rotated with a loaded carrier on it to align the section of track with other tracks for the transfer of carriers from one track to another. (ASME B30.11-1993) <br /> <br />Two blocking <br /> Hoist <br /> Condition under which the load block or load suspended from the hook becomes <br /> jammed against the crane structure preventing further winding up of the hoist drum. <br /> (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Under running crane <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> An electric overhead traveling crane having the end trucks supported on track <br /> attached to the bottom flanges of the beams; or supported on bottom flanges <br /> of beams. These beams make up the crane runway. (CMAA Spec. 74) <br /> <br />Undervoltage protection <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A device operative on the reduction or failure of voltage to cause and maintain <br /> the interruption of power in the main circuit. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Upper block <br /> Hoist <br /> A fixed block located on a trolley that, through a system of sheaves, <br /> bearings, pins, and frame, supports the load block and its load. (ASME B30.2-1990) <br /> <br />Vacuum <br /> Below hook device <br /> — pressure less than ambient atmospheric pressure. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Vacuum lifter <br /> Below hook device <br /> — a below-the-hook lifting device for lifting and transporting loads in a <br /> fixed attitude using a holding force by means of vacuum. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Vacuum manipulator <br /> Below hook device <br /> A vacuum lifter capable of repositioning the load while suspended. <br /> (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Vacuum pad <br /> Below hook device <br /> A device which applies a holding force on the load by means of vacuum. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Vacuum reservoir <br /> Below hook device <br /> The evacuated portion of the vacuum system whose function is to compensate <br /> for leakage into the vacuum system or to provide a vacuum reserve in event <br /> of vacuum generator failure. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Variable frequency <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> A method of Bridge Crane Control by which the motor supply voltage and <br /> frequency can be adjusted. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Vertical lift <br /> Below hook device <br /> A condition where the surface to which a vacuum pad is attached is in a vertical plane. (ASME B30.20-1985) <br /> <br />Voltage drop <br /> Bridge Crane Control <br /> The loss of voltage in an electric conductor between supply tap and load tap. <br /> (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />W section <br /> Bridge Crane & Runway <br /> A wide flange beam shape as defined by the American Institute of <br /> Steel Construction. (CMAA Spec. 74) <br /> <br />Wall mounted <br /> Hoist <br /> A type of hoist mounting in which the hoist is mounted to a vertical surface. (ASME HST-4M-1991) <br /> <br />Web plate <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> The vertical plate connecting the upper and lower flanges or cover plates of <br /> a girder. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Wheel load <br /> Bridge Crane & Runway <br /> The load without impact on any wheel with the trolley and lifted load <br /> (rated capacity) positioned on the bridge to give maximum loading. (CMAA Spec. 70) <br /> <br />Wheel yoke <br /> Bridge Crane & Monorail <br /> A frame on which a pair of carrier (trolley) wheels are mounted. (ANSI MH27.1-1981) <br /> <br />Wheelbase <br /> Bridge Crane <br /> Distance from center-to-center of outermost wheels. (CMAA Spec. 70)technical portuguesehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08892838491239485937noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-66006683662771537932009-05-07T07:12:00.000-07:002009-05-07T07:28:55.400-07:00Technische vertalingen naar Engels en Portugees: heffen, hijsen en haventermen.Welkom op mijn website, hier vind je technische vertalingen naar Engels en Portugees ivm hef en hijsmateriaal, haventermen. Bij elke vertaling plaats ik een foto om te verduidelijken om wat het gaat en soms extra informatie van de term.<br />Als u een ander woord kent voor de term mag u dat steeds plaatsen bij de reacties zodat iedereen gemakkelijk de juiste termen en vertalingen kan vinden.<br />Als je de Franse, Duitse, Spaanse,... vertaling kent mag u dat ook steeds plaatsen bij de reacties.<br /><br />Gebruik het zoekvak om de term te vinden of kijk in de labels. Als u het woord niet vind mag u mij altijd contacteren, ik zal u dan helpen en de juiste vertaling hier op mijn website plaatsen.<br /><br />U vind hier ook een collectie woordverklaringen (glossaries) ivm hef en hijsmateriaal, haventermen in het Nederlands, Engels en Portugees.<br /><br />Indien je vragen, sugesties of opmerkingen hebt over mijn website mag u die altijd mailen of plaatsen bij de reacties.<br /><br />Veel plezier met mijn website!technical portuguesehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08892838491239485937noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-36875307182307413622009-05-07T06:48:00.000-07:002009-05-07T07:11:19.622-07:00Technical Translations and Glossaries: Lifting, Hoisting and Harbour TermsWelcome to my webblog, here you can find technical translations relating to lifting and hoisting equipment to Portuguese(Portugal & Brazil) and Dutch, Flemish (Belgium). <br />With each translation I post a picture so you can see what it is and sometimes extra information about the word. If you know another word for the term you can post it in the comments section of the post so that everyone can easily find the translations they are looking for. <br />If you know the French, German, Spanish, ... translation please feel free to share it also in the comments section. <br /><br />Use the search box to find the correct term you need or skim through the labels, if you can´t find the term let me know and I will look it up for you and post it here. <br /><br />You can also find a collection of glossaries relating to Lift & Hoisting equipment, Port & Shipping terms in Portuguese, Dutch & English. <br /><br />Let me know what you think of my website, all suggestions & comments are welcome.<br /><br />Enjoy my website!technical portuguesehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08892838491239485937noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-20904833212995380292009-05-06T11:59:00.000-07:002009-05-06T12:06:16.117-07:00Haventermen - Dutch GlossarySoorten Havens:<br /><br />Haven<br />Een haven is een natuurlijke of kunstmatig aangelegde, veilige ligplaats voor schepen die goederen moeten laden en/of lossen, passagiers moeten in- en/of ontschepen, reparaties moeten ondergaan of waar de schepen kunnen schuilen in afwachting van beter weer. <br /><br /><br />Een haven moet beschutting bieden tegen de elementen van de natuur (wind, golven en stromingen) en voorzien zijn van de nodige installaties voor het doel waarvoor de haven wordt gebruikt. Havens zijn de jongste decennia uitgegroeid tot meer dan louter plaatsen waar verschillende transportmodi samenkomen. Ze zijn ware logistieke knooppunten geworden van opslag, value added logistics, data-uitwisseling enz. Er zijn havens die uitsluitend bestemd zijn voor zeeschepen of voor binnenschepen, maar meestal zijn ze bestemd voor beide. Sommige havens zijn uitsluitend geschikt voor de behandeling van één soort lading. Voorbeelden daarvan zijn onder meer containerhavens, graan- en ertshavens, houthavens, petroleumhavens en stukgoedhavens. <br /><br /><br />Binnenhaven<br />Indien de haven overwegend bestemd is voor de behandeling van binnenschepen spreekt men van een binnenhaven. <br /><br />Bunkerhaven<br />Bunkers zijn de brandstoffen die het schip voor de voortstuwing en de energievoorziening aan boord nodig heeft. Een bunkerhaven is een haven waar schepen uitsluitend aanmeren om die brandstoffen aan boord te nemen. <br /><br />Containerhaven<br />Een containerhaven is een haven die speciaal is ontworpen en uitgerust voor de behandeling van containerschepen. Deze haven is uitgerust met containerkranen en wordt gekenmerkt door uitgestrekte terreinen achter de kaai, waar de containers kunnen worden gestapeld en worden overgeslagen op vrachtwagens en/of treinwagons.<br /><br /><br />Graan- en ertshaven<br />Graan- en ertshavens zijn havens waar granen en/of ertsen worden geladen in en/of gelost uit bulkcarriers. Kenmerkend voor dit soort haven zijn de mechanische laad- en losinstallaties zoals transporteurs, elevators, lopende banden en zware grijpers die zorgen voor een snelle behandeling en afvoer van de lading naar opslagplaatsen, silo's, spoorwagons of binnenschepen. <br /><br />Houthaven<br />Een houthaven is speciaal ontworpen voor de overslag van ladingen hout. Vroeger werd hout dikwijls verder over rivieren getransporteerd in houtvlotten. De lading hout werd dan van het schip te water gelaten en werd al drijvend verder vervoerd via de waterwegen. Voor deze werkmethode was een groot wateroppervlak in de houthaven een noodzaak.<br /><br /><br />Industriehaven<br />In een industriehaven meren de schepen aan om er grondstoffen te lossen en industrieproducten te laden die bestemd zijn voor of afkomstig zijn van de lokale industrie in die haven. <br /><br />Insteekhaven<br />Een insteekhaven is een haven die uitmondt op een kanaal of een rivier.<br /><br /><br />Jachthaven<br />Een jachthaven is een haven met ligplaatsen voor pleziervaartuigen. Jachthavens zijn meestal ook uitgerust met installaties om pleziervaartuigen te herstellen en te onderhouden. Pleziervaartuigen kunnen er ook bevoorraden. <br /><br />Noodhaven<br />Een noodhaven is een haven die enkel bij bijzondere omstandigheden door schepen wordt aangelopen, bijvoorbeeld om noodreparaties uit te voeren of bij het uitbreken van brand of het verlies van lading. <br /><br />Olie- of petroleumhaven<br />Olie- of petroleumhavens zijn uitsluitend bestemd voor de behandeling van petroleumtankers. Deze havens moeten beschikken over de nodige installaties om laad- en losslangen en -leidingen aan te koppelen evenals over de nodige opslagtanks. Ze zijn meestal gebouwd in de buurt van petroleumraffinaderijen. Om veiligheidsredenen zijn deze havens meestal aangelegd op enige afstand van de bewoonde kommen. Een variant van de petroleumhaven is de LNG-haven, waar LNG (Liquified Natural Gas) of vloeibaar aardgas wordt overgeslagen.<br /><br /><br />Oorlogs- of marinehaven<br />Een oorlogs- of marinehaven is een vlootbasis voor oorlogsschepen. <br /><br />Spoorhaven<br />Het vervoer per spoor gebeurt sneller dan het zeevervoer. Daarom hebben spoorwegmaatschappijen havens ingericht en uitgebaat op in zee vooruitgeschoven landsdelen en aan mondingen van rivieren. Het voordeel daarvan was dat men over een langere afstand kon genieten van het snellere landvervoer. Deze havens werden vooral gebouwd voor overslag van reizigers, poststukken en waardevolle goederen. Door de opkomst van de luchtvaart is het belang van spoorhavens sterk verminderd. <br /><br />Stukgoedhaven<br />Stukgoed is lading die niet in bulk of in gestandaardiseerde eenheden wordt verscheept: het betreft dus goederen in losse verpakkingen (kisten, zakken, bundels, vaten, losse colli) die niet in een container of een vrachtwagen aan boord van een schip worden geladen. Een stukgoedhaven moet over voldoende opslagruimte beschikken om de goederen, in afwachting van verdere overslag, op te slaan. Stukgoederen worden meestal gelost of geladen met walkranen. Voor de overslag van zware colli is meestal een drijvende bok noodzakelijk.<br /><br /><br />Transitohaven<br />Een transitohaven is bestemd voor doorvoerladingen, waarbij het schip in entrepot wordt gesteld en waardoor bijgevolg geen invoerrechten moeten worden betaald op de lading aan boord. <br /><br />Vissershaven<br />Een vissershaven is een ligplaats voor vissersschepen. Als de vis er ook wordt gelost, moeten er loodsen en kaden zijn waar de vis wordt geveild, verpakt, gekoeld en eventueel snel kan worden afgevoerd naar het binnenland. <br /><br />Vloedhaven<br />Een vloedhaven is een haven waar schepen enkel bij vloed kunnen in- of uitvaren. Bij eb komen de schepen soms droog te staan aan de kaai. <br /><br />Vluchthaven<br />Een vluchthaven is een haven waar schepen bij storm aanmeren om te schuilen. <br /><br />Vrijhaven<br />Een vrijhaven is een haven die de overheid, om bijzondere redenen, van de algemene tolwetten heeft ontheven en waar dus schepen van alle naties, zonder betaling van douanerechten, kunnen binnenlopen. <br /><br />Werkhaven<br />Een werkhaven is een ligplaats voor vaartuigen die gebruikt worden voor de uitvoering van waterbouwkundige werken. Heel dikwijls zal een werkhaven een deel zijn van een bestaande haven dat tijdelijk wordt gebruikt door de aannemers die belast zijn met de uitvoering van belangrijke herstellings- of uitbreidingswerken. <br /><br />Zeehaven<br />Indien de haven overwegend bestemd is voor de behandeling van zeeschepen spreekt men van een zeehaven. <br /><br />Havenarbeid en maritieme beroepen<br />Aflader (shipper)<br />De aflader biedt de goederen voor vervoer over zee aan het schip aan. Hij sluit de vervoersovereenkomst af met de vervoerder. Deze vervoersovereenkomst wordt het cognossement (bill of lading, B/L) genoemd. De vervrachter is vervoerder ingeval van reisbevrachting en de bevrachter is vervoerder ingeval van tijds- en naakt cascobevrachting. De aflader en de bevrachter kunnen dezelfde partij zijn. <br /><br />Bevrachter (charterer)<br />De bevrachter is de tegenpartij van de vervrachter. Hij huurt het schip van de vervrachter voor het vervoer van goederen en/of passagiers tegen een overeengekomen prijs en tegen bepaalde voorwaarden, vastgelegd in de bevrachtingsovereenkomst (charter party). <br /><br />Bootmannen<br />De bootmannen maken de schepen vast aan de kaai. De bootmannen nemen de meertrossen aan van het schip en leggen ze over de bolders op de kaaimuur. Het omgekeerde doen ze bij vertrek van het schip. Voor het meren van grote schepen maken de bootmannen gebruik van kleine bootjes om de zware meertrossen van het schip tot aan de kaai te varen. Eens vastgemaakt aan de bolders, worden de meertrossen aangetrokken door middel van lieren (winches) waardoor het schip tegen de kaaimuur komt te liggen. <br /><br />Canvasser<br />Canvassers zoeken voor rederijen naar te vervoeren lading. Ze bezoeken expediteurs en verschepers van lading en proberen hen te winnen om te vervoeren met hun rederij. De canvassers volgen nauwgezet alle industriële projecten in de hoop toekomstige lading te kunnen boeken. <br /><br />Douaneagent<br />De douaneagent is ieder fysisch of rechtspersoon die voor derden douaneformaliteiten vervult, hetzij als hoofdberoep, hetzij als bijberoep. Juridisch gezien is de douaneagent een mandataris die goederen in- en uitklaart. <br /><br />Eigenaar (shipowner)<br />De eigenaar bezit het schip. Hij is al dan niet ook de reder en de vervrachter van het schip. <br /><br />Expediteur (Forwarding Agent)<br />Een expediteur is een organisator van het verzenden van goederen. Dit is veel ruimer van het louter vervoer van goederen van een plaats naar een andere. Naast het eigenlijke vervoer zorgt de expediteur ook voor de afhandeling van heel wat administratieve formaliteiten zoals bijvoorbeeld het aanvragen van de nodige vergunningen, prijsvragen en –vergelijkingen, het negotiëren van prijzen en het boeken van ladingen bij rederijen, organisatie van wegvervoer, opslag van goederen, organisatie van groepage van kleine loten goederen, het vervullen van eventuele douaneformaliteiten, de coördinatie tussen alle betrokken partijen enz. Een expediteur kan men een architect van het verzenden van goederen noemen. <br /><br />Havenarbeid, havenarbeider <br />De Wet betreffende de havenarbeid (Wet Major) bepaalt dat enkel erkende havenarbeiders in de havengebieden arbeid mogen verrichten. <br /><br />In het Koninklijk Besluit van 12 januari 1973 tot oprichting en tot vaststelling van de benaming en de bevoegdheid van het Paritair Comité van het havenbedrijf wordt expliciet omschreven wat moet worden verstaan onder havenarbeid: <br /><br />"Alle werknemers en hun werkgevers die, in de havengebieden, als hoofdzakelijke of bijkomstige activiteit havenarbeid verrichten, d.w.z. alle behandelingen van goederen welke per zee- of binnenschepen, spoorwagens of vrachtwagens aan- of afgevoerd worden, en de met deze goederen in verband staande bijkomende diensten, ongeacht deze activiteiten geschieden in de dokken, op bevaarbare waterwegen, op de kaden of in de instellingen welke gericht zijn op invoer, uitvoer en doorvoer van goederen, alsook alle behandelingen van goederen, welke per zee- of binnenschepen aan- of afgevoerd worden op de kaden van nijverheidsinstellingen."<br /><br />Kuiper<br />De kuiper verpakt goederen en maakt ze aldus klaar voor het zeevervoer. <br /><br />Ontvanger (receiver, consignee)<br />De ontvanger is de partij die in het cognossement wordt aangeduid als diegene aan wie de goederen moeten worden afgeleverd. De bevrachter en de ontvanger kunnen dezelfde partij zijn. <br /><br />Reder (shipowner)<br />De reder is hij die schepen uitrust en commercieel exploiteert. De scheepseigenaar wordt ook reder genoemd. De reder is niet noodzakelijk de eigenaar van het schip. Hij kan het schip dat hij uitrust en commercieel exploiteert ook charteren van de scheepseigenaar. <br /><br />Scheepsagent (Shipping agent)<br />De scheepsagent is de vertegenwoordiger van een rederij in een vreemde haven. Vermits de kapitein van een schip niet alle geplogenheden kent in een vreemde haven, stelt de rederij er een lokale vertegenwoordiger aan: de scheepsagent. De scheepsagent assisteert de kapitein bij het in- en uitklaren van het schip: hij handelt alle formaliteiten af voor het schip en de lading met de diverse instanties in de haven: het loodswezen, het havenbedrijf, de douane, de goederenbehandelaars, de verschepers en ontvangers van de goederen, de expediteurs enz. Bovendien behartigt de scheepsagent eveneens de belangen van de bemanning van het schip: het bezorgen van geld aan de kapitein (veelal nodig voor het betalen van de bemanning), bij repatriëring zorgt de scheepsagent voor de nodige visa, voor vliegtuigtickets, voor het vervoer naar de luchthaven en soms voor hotelaccommodatie. De scheepsagent regelt eventuele medische hulp en bestelt voorraden en proviand voor het schip. Als de scheepsagent optreedt voor een regelmatige lijn is hij soms ook lijnagent. De lijnagent zoekt lading voor het schip. De vergoeding daarvoor bestaat uit een commissieloon. <br /><br />Scheepsmakelaar (shipbroker)<br />De scheepsmakelaar is een tussenpersoon die in opdracht van de reder (owner’s broker) de meest voordelige mogelijkheid tot vervrachting van het schip opspoort. Hij bereidt eventueel de bevrachtingsovereenkomst (charterpartij) voor. De term ‘shipbroker’ wordt ook gebruikt in het kader van bemiddeling tot aan- en verkoop van schepen. <br /><br />Schoorder<br />De schoorders zetten de lading vast in het schip zodat de goederen tijdens de zeereis niet kunnen verschuiven of omver vallen. <br /><br />Shift<br />Een shift is de eenheid van (haven)arbeid. In het Belgische systeem van havenarbeid is een shift een periode van 7 uur en 15 minuten. <br /><br />Stuwadoor<br />De stuwadoor laadt en lost schepen. Hij houdt zich ook bezig met alle aanverwante activiteiten zoals opslag, sorteren, verpakken, meten, wegen enz. <br /><br />Toldeclarant<br />De toldeclarant geeft de goederen aan bij de douane en zorgt voor alle nodige documenten en formaliteiten in dit verband. <br /><br />Vervoerscommissionair<br />De vervoerscommissionair treedt op als tussenpersoon tussen diegene die lading te verschepen heeft en diegene die vervoerscapaciteit ter beschikking heeft. Met andere woorden is de vervoerscommissionair de tussenpersoon tussen de verscheper en de vervoerder. <br /><br />Vervrachter (owner, disponent owner)<br />De vervrachter verhuurt het schip aan de bevrachter voor het vervoer van goederen en/of passagiers tegen betaling van de overeengekomen prijs en tegen bepaalde voorwaarden, vastgelegd in de bevrachtingsovereenkomst (charter party). <br /><br />Verzekeringsmakelaar<br />De verzekeringsmakelaar is een gemandateerde van de verzekerde met als taak te zoeken hoe een bepaald risico kan worden verzekerd. Hij onderhandelt over de verzekeringspremie, kiest de verzekeringsmaatschappij, beheert de verzekeringspolissen, verwittigt de verzekeringsmaatschappij bij schade en houdt toezicht op het naleven van de reglementen. <br /><br />Wet Major<br />Zie havenarbeid.<br /><br />Overige Termen:<br /><br />Bakboord<br />Linkse kant van het schip, gezien in de richting van het vooruit varend schip. Het tegengestelde van bakboord is stuurboord. <br /><br />Ballast<br />Ballast is een zware last dat aan boord van schepen wordt geladen om de stabiliteit te verbeteren, om het schip te trimmen (over de lengte en de breedte horizontaal te krijgen), het zeewaardiger te maken en om de schroef onder te dompelen. Meestal wordt, als ballast, zeewater geladen in tanks op de bodem van het schip of in zijtanks (“wingtanks”). In tankers wordt zeewater in de ladingtanks gepompt om het schip, wanneer er geen lading aan boord is, op de gewenste diepgang te krijgen. Ballast is ook een reis van een schip zonder dat er lading aan boord is, om het schip te positioneren voor een volgende lading of om naar een droogdok te varen. <br /><br />Blauwe Steen<br />De “Blauwe Steen” is de symbolische benaming van de rand van de kaaimuur. Deze term wordt gebruikt bij de INCO-term FOB (Free On Board), waar de verantwoordelijkheid en de kosten overgaan van de verkoper naar de koper op het ogenblik dat de goederen de scheepsreling (of de rand van de kaaimuur) passeren. In de Vlaamse havens spreekt men in dat geval van de “Blauwe Steen”. <br /><br />Bunkers<br />De bunkers van een schip zijn de brandstoffen die het schip aan boord neemt om te kunnen varen. De aard van de bunkers hangt af van het soort scheepsmotoren van het schip. <br /><br />Cargo battens (Sparrings)<br />Houten latten die in het ruim, op de spanten van het schip, zijn bevestigd om te vermijden dat lading in het ruim in contact komt met de stalen wanden van het schip. De stalen wand van een schip is dikwijls vochtig door condensatie en de lading kan bijgevolg ook nat worden en beschadigd worden bij direct contact tussen de lading en de stalen wand van het ruim. In dat geval spreekt men van zweetschade aan de lading. <br /><br />Classificatiemaatschappij<br />Alle schepen worden gebouwd naar de regels van een classificatiemaatschappij. De Classificatiemaatschappij keurt de plannen van het schip goed en houdt toezicht op de eigenlijke bouw van het schip. Daarbij wordt ook toezicht gehouden op de kwaliteit van de gebruikte materialen en op de vakbekwaamheid van de scheepsbouwers. Na voltooiing levert de classificatiemaatschappij een certificaat af, het certificaat van Klasse, voor Schip en Machinerieën. Dit klassecertificaat is de basis om het schip te verzekeren. De classificatiemaatschappijen zien ook toe op de technische staat van het schip, op de leefomstandigheden aan boord en op de veiligheid. Daarvoor geven zij, soms ook in naam van de vlaggestaat van het schip, bepaalde certificaten af. <br /><br />Crude (oil)<br />Crude (oil) is ruwe petroleum zoals het uit de bron werd gepompt, dus vóór de raffinage. <br /><br />Droogdok<br />Een droogdok is een dok of een bassin dat leeggepompt kan worden om er schepen in droog te zetten voor inspectie, onderhoud of herstellingswerken. Een drijvend droogdok is een ponton waarvan de dwarsdoorsnede U-vormig is. Door het ponton met ballastwater te vullen kan het worden afgezonken zodat schepen tussen de twee opstaande wanden kunnen worden gevaren. Door het ballastwater uit het dok te pompen kan het schip uit het water worden getild zodat inspectie, onderhoud of herstelling mogelijk wordt. <br /><br />Dukdalf<br />Een dukdalf is een in het water geplaatste zware paal, gesteund door vier tot acht schoorplaten, dienend om er schepen aan vast te leggen, of tot bescherming van bruggen en sluizen. <br /><br />Eastbound<br />De termen “eastbound” en “westbound” worden gebruikt om de richting aan te duiden waarin een schip vaart op de lijn. Een containerschip dat van Europa naar Amerika vaart, vaart “westbound”. Een schip dat van Europa naar Azië vaart “eastbound”. Een schip dat van Amerika naar Azië vaart, vaart “westbound”. <br /><br />Fender<br />Een fender is een cilindervormig kussen dat aan de kaaimuur wordt bevestigd of overboord wordt gehangen van een schip ter voorkoming van beschadiging van de scheepshuid tegen de kaaimuur of tegen een ander schip. Synoniem is stootkussen. <br /><br />Goedkope vlag<br />Ieder schip wordt in een land geregistreerd. Het land van registratie is de nationaliteit van het schip. De nationaliteit heeft een zeer belangrijke invloed op de exploitatievoorwaarden van het schip. Door zijn nationaliteit is het schip onderworpen aan de wetten van het land waarvan het de vlag voert. De nationale politiek ter bevordering of bescherming van de koopvaardijvloot van de vlag zal de exploitatie beïnvloeden. Bovendien geniet het schip van de politieke bescherming, maar draagt ook de gevolgen van de conflicten waarin het land in gemengd is. Sommige landen bieden zeer gunstige voorwaarden aan voor het voeren van hun vlag, zoals bijvoorbeeld de vrijstelling van belastingen, tegen de betaling van een registratierecht en een jaarlijks recht op basis van de tonnenmaat. Men zegt dat schepen die varen onder de vlag van één van die landen varen onder een goedkope vlag omdat de kostprijs om onder die vlag te varen lager is. <br /><br />Intermodaal vervoer<br />Vervoer waarbij verschillende modi worden gecombineerd in één traject, zonder tussentijdse bewerkingen op de goederen. <br /><br />Laadboom<br />Beweegbare mast aan boord van een schip waarmee goederen kunnen worden geladen en gelost. <br /><br />Landbrug<br />Het traject van het vervoer van goederen tussen twee havens kan soms worden onderbroken door het vervoer van de goederen over land, met het oog op het verlagen van de kostprijs en/of het verkorten van de totale reistijd tegenover een volledige zeereis. Het deel van het vervoer over land noemt men een landbrug. Bijvoorbeeld goederen uit Japan, bestemd voor Europa, worden per schip van Japan naar de westkust van de Verenigde Staten verscheept, per trein van de westkust naar de oostkust vervoerd om vervolgens opnieuw per schip te worden verscheept naar Europa. <br /><br />Loop<br />Een “loop” van een regelmatige lijndienst is één volledige rotatie vanuit de eerste laadhaven, via de diverse vaste laad- en loshavens terug naar de eerste laadhaven. Sommige regelmatige lijnen tussen twee gebieden bestaan uit verschillende “loops”, waarbij al dan niet dezelfde havens worden aangedaan. <br /><br />Modal shift<br />De modal shift is het overhevelen van goederenstromen van het wegvervoer naar andere vervoerwijzen zoals het spoorvervoer, de binnenvaart, de kustvaart of het pijpleidingenvervoer. <br /><br />Modal split<br />De model split is de verdeling van de goederenstromen over verschillende vervoerwijzen, zoals de weg, het spoor, de binnenvaart, de kustvaart en het pijpleidingenvervoer. <br /><br />Modus<br />De vervoermodus is de wijze van vervoer zoals het wegvervoer, het spoorvervoer, het zeevervoer, de binnenvaart, de kustvaart, het pijpleidingenvervoer. <br /><br />Multimodaal vervoer<br />Vervoer waarbij verschillende vervoermodi in overweging worden genomen en eventueel worden gecombineerd. <br /><br />Rangeerstation of vormingsstation<br />Een rangeerstation of vormingsstation is een spoorwegemplacement waar treinen of losse wagons worden gesplitst en opnieuw samengevoegd. <br /><br />Reach-Stacker<br />Een reach-stacker is een heftoestel waarmee containers kunnen worden gestapeld of worden geladen of gelost op of van opleggers en spoorwagons. Door middel van een telescopische hydraulische arm, die voorzien is van een spreader, kunnen de containers zeer hoog worden gestapeld (sommige toestellen kunnen de containers tot tien hoog stapelen). <br /><br />RMG (Rail Mounted Gantry)<br />Een RMG (Rail Mounted Gantry ) is een heftoestel waarmee containers worden geladen op of gelost van spoorwagons. Het is een portaalkraan die meestal op rails rijdt en wordt opgesteld over een spoorbundel op een containerterminal. De containers worden door de RMG langszij de spoorbundel geplaatst, waarna ze door straddle carriers verder worden vervoerd naar het opslagterrein. RMG’s worden soms ook ingezet op opslagterreinen van containerterminals voor het stockeren van containers in grote blokken. In dat geval rijden de RMG’s op luchtbanden. <br /><br />Sas<br />Deel van een sluis dat zich bevindt tussen de stroomopwaartse en stroomafwaartse sluisdeuren en waartussen de schepen tijdens het veranderen van het waterpeil in de sluis aanmeren. Synoniem is kolk of sluiskolk. <br /><br />Stuurboord<br />Rechtse kant van het schip, gezien in de richting van het vooruit varend schip. Het tegengestelde van stuurboord is bakboord. <br /><br />Swap body<br />Een swap body (wissellaadbak) is een standaardvrachtcontainer die gewoonlijk te licht gebouwd is om te worden gestapeld, of om vanaf de bovenkant te worden opgetild, en dit in tegenstelling tot de meer wijdverspreide ISO-containers. Wisselbakken worden normaal gebouwd uit minder en/of lichtere materialen om te besparen op de aankoopkosten en op de brandstofkosten. Wissellaadbakken zijn meestal zo gebouwd dat de externe en interne afmetingen gelijk zijn aan die van standaard ISO-containers. Op die manier kunnen ze vervoerd worden met hetzelfde type vrachtwagen, oplegger en treinwagon als die voor IS-containers. Soms worden de afmetingen van de wissellaadbakken afgestemd op een specifieke regio. Heel dikwijls zijn de chassis van wissellaadbakken voorzien van opvouwbare poten, om de wissel van de laadbak van de ene vrachtwagen naar de andere te vergemakkelijken en om de laadbak ter bestemming te kunnen achterlaten zonder dat daarvoor een hijstoestel nodig is. De wissellaadbakken hebben vaak meer deuren of glijdende panelen dan de standaard ISO-containers, waardoor het lossen en laden sneller en gemakkelijker gaat. Veel wisselbakken hebben enkel een zwaar gordijn aan de zijkanten om de lading te beschermen. Sommige containerschepen en containerterminals zijn voorzien van speciale stalen frames of rekken, om wissellaadbakken op elkaar te stapelen, zonder dat daarbij het gewicht van de hoger geplaatste containers of wissellaadbakken op de wissellaadbakken rust.<br /><br />Transtainer<br />Een transtainer is een heftoestel waarmee containers worden geladen op of gelost van spoorwagons. Het is een portaalkraan die meestal op rails rijdt en wordt opgesteld over een spoorbundel op een containerterminal. De containers worden door de transtainer langszij de spoorbundel geplaatst, waarna ze door straddle carriers verder worden vervoerd naar het opslagterrein. Transtainers worden soms ook ingezet op opslagterreinen van containerterminals voor het stockeren van containers in grote blokken. In dat geval rijden de transtainers op luchtbanden. <br /><br />Unimodaal vervoer<br />Vervoer waarbij slechts één vervoermodus wordt gebruikt voor het vervoer op één traject. <br /><br />Westbound<br />De termen “eastbound” en “westbound” worden gebruikt om de richting aan te duiden waarin een schip vaart op de lijn. Een containerschip dat van Europa naar Amerika vaart, vaart “westbound”. Een schip dat van Europa naar Azië vaart “eastbound”. Een schip dat van Amerika naar Azië vaart, vaart “westbound”. <br /><br />Zwaaien<br />Zwaaien is een scheepsmanoeuvre waarbij het schip om zijn as draait om van richting te veranderen. Een deel van een haven dat speciaal voor het zwaaien van schepen is aangelegd noemt men een zwaaikom.technical portuguesehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08892838491239485937noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-23525418871303698502009-05-06T11:56:00.000-07:002009-05-06T11:58:19.782-07:00Containertermen - Dutch GlossaryCorner fitting<br />Iedere container is op elke hoek voorzien van een corner fitting. Dit is een stalen kubus die aan iedere buitenkant voorzien is van een ovale opening. Deze openingen dienen om de containers op te heffen of om ze vast te zetten op het schip, de vrachtwagen, de spoorwagon of om de container aan een andere container te koppelen. <br /><br />Feedering<br />Feedering is het verschepen van (container)lading vanuit meerdere (kleinere) havens naar één (grotere) haven, waar de lading, voor transoceanisch vervoer, wordt overgeladen op een groter schip. Feedering omvat ook de omgekeerde beweging: (container)ladingen, afkomstig van een transoceanische lijn, worden verder vervoerd naar diverse kleinere havens. <br /><br />Portaalkraan<br />Een portaalkraan is een verrijdbare kraan de vorm van een portaal. Bijna alle containerterminals zijn voorzien van dergelijke kranen. Portaalkranen worden ook gebruikt voor het lossen van bulkschepen. <br /><br />Reach-Stacker<br />Een reach-stacker is een heftoestel waarmee containers kunnen worden gestapeld of worden geladen of gelost op of van opleggers en spoorwagons. Door middel van een telescopische hydraulische arm, die voorzien is van een spreader, kunnen de containers zeer hoog worden gestapeld (sommige toestellen kunnen de containers tot tien hoog stapelen). <br /><br />Spreader<br />Een spreader is een uitschuifbaar, metalen raam waarmee containers worden opgetild door portaalkranen, straddle carriers, transtainers, reach-stackers of heftrucks. Vermits er containers van verschillende lengtes bestaan (de meest gebruikelijke internationale lengtes zijn twintig en veertig voet) kan het metalen raam hydraulisch worden uitgeschoven tot de geschikte lengte.wordt gereikt. Op iedere hoek van het raam bevindt zich een ovale, kegelvormige pin. Door die pin over negentig graden te draaien wanneer die in de voorziene opening op de container werd geplaatst, kan de container worden opgetild. <br /><br />Straddle carrier - Portaalhefwagen<br />Een straddle carrier is een heftoestel waarmee containers worden gelost van of geladen op een oplegger. Het toestel rijdt over de oplegger heen en tilt de container verticaal op. De straddle carrier rijdt op luchtbanden en kan containers na lossing tot drie hoog stapelen op het opslagterrein van een containerterminal, waar ze in rijen, los van elkaar worden gestapeld. De containers worden zodanig in rijen gestapeld dat de straddle carrier over elke rij kan rijden om op die manier containers weg te nemen of bij te plaatsen. Het heftoestel wordt ook gebruikt om de containers van onder de portaalkranen langszij het schip, of van onder een transtainer van een spoorbundel naar het opslagterrein te brengen en omgekeerd. <br /><br />Strippen<br />Strippen komt voor bij LCL-ladingen (Less than Container Load). Men spreekt van LCL wanneer de rederij of de vervoerder van containers ook partijen goederen, die in volume kleiner zijn dan de inhoud van een container, ter vervoer aanneemt. De vervoerder zal verschillende dergelijke kleine partijen bundelen tot hij er één container kan mee vullen. Het lossen van diverse kleine partijen uit één container noemt men strippen. <br /><br />Stuffen<br />Stuffen komt voor bij LCL-ladingen (Less than Container Load). Men spreekt van LCL wanneer de rederij of de vervoerder van containers ook partijen goederen, die in volume kleiner zijn dan de inhoud van een container, ter vervoer aanneemt. De vervoerder zal verschillende dergelijke kleine partijen bundelen tot hij er één container kan mee vullen. Het laden van diverse kleine partijen in één container noemt men stuffen. <br /><br />Transtainer<br />Een transtainer is een heftoestel waarmee containers worden geladen op of gelost van spoorwagons. Het is een portaalkraan die meestal op rails rijdt en wordt opgesteld over een spoorbundel op een containerterminal. De containers worden door de transtainer langszij de spoorbundel geplaatst, waarna ze door straddle carriers verder worden vervoerd naar het opslagterrein. Transtainers worden soms ook ingezet op opslagterreinen van containerterminals voor het stockeren van containers in grote blokken. In dat geval rijden de transtainers op luchtbanden. <br /><br />Twistlock<br />Een twistlock is een speciale dubbele pin waarmee op elkaar gestapelde containers worden vastgemaakt. De pinnen hebben een ovale kegelvorm en passen precies in de ovale openingen in de corner posts van een container. Door de pin over een hoek van negentig graden te draaien, zitten ze vast. Door de twee pinnen vast te maken in twee naast of boven elkaar staande containers, zijn de containers aan elkaar vastgekoppeld.technical portuguesehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08892838491239485937noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4918029344659779781.post-4987559019550394202009-05-06T11:48:00.000-07:002009-05-06T11:50:19.015-07:00GLOSSARY OF LIFT- AND HOISTING TERMS, CRANE RELATED TERMINOLOGYGLOSSARY OF LIFT- AND HOISTING TERMS, CRANE RELATED TERMINOLOGY<br /><br />A<br /> <br />Abnormal Operating Conditions<br />Environmental conditions that are unfavorable, harmful, or detrimental to or for the operation of a crane, such as excessively high or low ambient temperatures, exposure to adverse weather, corrosive fumes, dust-laden or moisture-laden atmospheres, and hazardous locations.<br /><br />Access Platform<br />A limited length platform, located on the idler girder to access to the endtruck wheels only.<br /><br />Adjustable or Variable Voltage<br />A method of Bridge Crane Control by which the motor supply voltage can be adjusted.<br /><br />Aerial crane<br />or 'Sky cranes' usually are helicopters designed to lift large loads. Helicopters are able to travel to and lift in areas that are more difficult to reach by a conventional crane. Helicopter cranes are most commonly used to lift units/loads onto shopping centers, multi-story buildings, highrises, etc. However, they can lift basically anything within their lifting capacity, (i.e. cars, boats, swimming pools, etc.). They also work as disaster relief after natural disasters for clean-up, and during wild-fires they are able to carry huge buckets of water over fires to put them out. <br /><br />All Terrain Crane<br />A mobile crane which has the necessary equipment to travel with high speed on public roads/highways and on the job site in rough terrain with all wheel and crab steering. AT‘s combine the roadability of Truck-mounted Crane and the manoeuvrability of a Rough Terrain Crane. <br /><br />Ambient Temperature<br />The temperature of the atmosphere surrounding the hoist.<br /><br />Ampacity<br />The current carrying capacity expressed in amperes.<br /><br />ANSI<br />The American National Standards Institute.<br /><br />Appointed<br />Assigned specific responsibilities by the employer or the employer's representative.<br /><br />Attachment point<br />Designed lifting point that is part of a load <br /><br />Auxiliary Hoist<br />A supplemental hoisting unit of lighter capacity and usually higher speed than provided for the main hoist.<br /><br />Automatic Crane<br />A crane which when activated operates through a preset cycle or cycles.<br /><br />Auxiliary Girder (outrigger)<br />An additional girder, either solid or latticed arranged parallel to the bridge girder(s) for supporting the foot-walk, Bridge Crane Control panels, operator’s cab, etc., to reduce the torsional forces such loads might otherwise impose.<br /><br />Axle, Fixed<br />A shaft which is fixed in the end truck and about which the wheel revolves.<br /><br />Axle, Rotating<br />A shaft which is fixed in the wheel and which rotates on bearings fixed in the end truck. <br /><br />B<br /><br />B-10 Bearing Life<br />The B-1O bearing life of an anti-friction bearing is the minimum expected life, in hours, of 9O~7o of a group of bearings which are operated at a given speed and loading.<br /><br />Bearing Life<br />The L-10 life of an anti-friction bearing is the minimum expected life, hours, of 90 percent of a group of bearings which are operating-at a given speed and loading. The average expected life of the bearings is approximately five times the L-10 life.<br /><br />Bearing, Lifetime Lubricated<br />An antifriction bearing which is provided with seals and a high-stability oxidation-resistant grease to permit operation of the bearing without re-lubrication for not less than the specified B-10 life.<br /><br />Block, Load<br />The assembly of hook, swivel, bearings, sheaves, pins and frame suspended from the hoisting ropes. In a “short type” block, the hook and the sheaves are mounted on the same member, called the swivel. In a “long type” block, the hook and the sheaves are mounted on separate members. (The supporting member for the sheaves is called the sheave pin and the supporting member for the hook is called the trunnion.)<br /><br />Block, Upper<br />A fixed assembly of sheaves, bearings, pins and frame, located on the trolley cross members, and which supports the load block and its load by means of the ropes.<br /><br />Bogie<br />A short end truck attached to the end of one girder (or to a connecting member if more than one bogie is used per girder). This type of end truck is used when more than four wheels are required on a crane due to the design of the runway.<br /><br />Boom (of gantry cranes)<br />An extension of the trolley runway that may be raised or retracted to obtain clearance for gantry travel.<br /><br />Boom (of overhead cranes)<br />A horizontal member mounted on the trolley to permit hoisting and lowering the load at a point other than directly under the hoist, drum, or trolley.<br /><br />Brake<br />A device used for retarding or stopping motion by friction or power means.<br /><br />Branch Circuit<br />The circuit conductors between the final overcurrent device protecting the circuit and the outlet(s).<br /><br />Breaking Strength/Ultimate Strength: <br />Do not use breaking strength as a criterion for service of design purposes. Refer to the Working Load Limit instead. <br />Breaking Strength is the average force at which the product, in the condition it would leave the factory, has been found by representative testing to break, when a constantly increasing force is applied in direct line to the product at a uniform rate of speed on a standard pull testing machine. Proof testing to twice the Working Load Limit does NOT apply to hand-splice slings.<br />Remember: Breaking Strengths, when published, were obtained under controlled laboratory conditions. Listing of the Breaking Strength does not mean the Working Load Limit should ever be exceeded.<br /><br />Bridge<br />The part of a crane consisting of girders, trucks, end ties, footwalks, and drive mechanism which carries the trolley or trolleys.<br /><br />Bridge Conductors<br />The electrical conductors located along the bridge structure of a crane to provide power to the trolley.<br /><br />Bridge Girder (crane girder)<br />The principal horizontal beams of the crane, on which carriers or trolleys travel, is supported by the end trucks, and is perpendicular to the runway. <br /><br />Bridge Rail<br />The rail supported by the bridge girders on which the trolley travels.<br /><br />Bridge Travel<br />The crane movement in a direction parallel to the crane runway.<br /><br />Building Structure<br />The structural members of a building that support the building loads and on which the loads of crane or monorail equipment, and the material to be moved, will be imposed.<br /><br />Bulk-handling crane<br />Bulk-handling cranes are designed from the outset to carry a shell grab or bucket, rather than using a hook and a sling. They are used for bulk cargoes, such as coal, minerals, scrap metal etc.<br /><br />Bumper (buffer)<br />An energy absorbing device for reducing impact when a moving crane or trolley reaches the end of its permitted travel; or when two moving cranes or trolleys come in contact.<br /><br />Bow shackle<br />With a larger "O" shape to the loop, this shackle can take loads from many directions without developing as much side load. However, the larger shape to the loop does reduce its overall strength. Also referred to as an anchor shackle.<br /><br />C<br /><br />Cab<br />The operator's compartment on a crane.<br /><br />Cab-Operated Crane<br /> A crane controlled by an operator in a cab located on the bridge or trolley.<br /><br />Camber<br />The slight upward vertical curve given to girders to compensate partially for deflection due to hook load and weight of the Crane.<br /><br />Capacity<br />The maximum rated load (in tons) which a crane is designed to handle.<br /><br />Carrier<br />Please see “Trolley”.<br /><br />Chain, Hand<br />The chain grasped by the operator to apply force required for lifting, lowering, or traveling motions.<br /><br />Chain, Load<br />The load-bearing chain in a hoist.<br /><br />Chain Guide<br />A means to guide the load chain at the load sprocket.<br /><br />Circuit Breaker<br />A device to open and close a circuit by non-automatic means, and to open the circuit automatically on a predetermined overload of current, without injury to itself when properly applied within its rating.<br /><br />Clearance<br />The distance from any part of the crane to a point of the nearest obstruction.<br /><br />CMAA<br />Crane Manufacturers Association of America, Inc. (formerly EQOI—Electric Overhead Crane Institute).<br /><br />Collectors<br />Contacting devices for collecting current from runway or bridge conductors.<br /><br />Collector Shoe<br />The portion of a collector which makes contact by sliding on the conductor bar.<br /><br />Collector Wheel<br />The portion of a collector which makes contact by rolling on the conductor bar.<br /><br />Conductors, Bridge<br />The electrical conductors located along the bridge structure of a crane to provide power to the trolley.<br /><br />Conductors, Runway<br />The electrical conductors located along a crane runway to provide power to the crane.<br /><br />Contactor<br />An electromechanical device for opening and closing an electric power circuit.<br /><br />Control Braking Means<br />A method of controlling crane motor speed when in an overhauling condition.<br /><br />Control Actuator, Bridge Crane<br />A manual means at the operating station by which hoist Bridge Crane Controls are energized.<br /><br />Control Enclosure, Bridge Crane<br />The housing containing the electrical Bridge Crane Control component.<br /><br />Control Voltage<br />The voltage impressed on the Bridge Crane Control devices.<br /><br />Controller, Bridge Crane<br />A device for regulating in a pre-determined way the power delivered to the motor or other equipment.<br /><br />Controller, Spring Return<br />A controller which when released will return automatically to a neutral position.<br /><br />Countertorque<br />A method of control by which the power to the motor is reversed to develop torque in the opposite direction.<br /><br />Couplings (splices)" – Mechanical devices used to join the adjacent ends of track sections.<br /><br />Cover Plate<br />The top or bottom plate of a box girder.<br /><br />Crane<br />A machine for lifting and lowering a load and moving it horizontally, with the hoisting mechanism an integral part of the machine. Cranes whether fixed or mobile are driven manually or by power.<br /><br />Crawler Crane<br />A crawler is a crane mounted on an undercarriage with a set of tracks (also called crawlers) that provide for the stability and mobility of the crane. Crawler cranes range in lifting capacity from about 40 US tons to 3500 US tons. <br />Crawler cranes have both advantages and disadvantages depending on their intended use. The main advantage of a crawler is that they can move around on site and then perform each lift with very little set-up, as the crane is stable on its tracks with no outriggers. In addition, a crawler crane is capable of traveling with a load. The main disadvantage of a crawler crane is that they are very heavy, and cannot easily be moved from one job site to the next without significant expense. Typically, a large crawler must be disassembled and moved by trucks, rail cars or ships to be transported to its next location.<br /><br />Creep Speed<br />A very slow, constant, continuous, fixed rate of motion of the hoist, trolley, or bridge: usually Control established at 1% to 10% of the normal full load speed.<br /><br />Cross Shaft<br />The shaft extending across the bridge, used to transmit torque from motor to bridge drive wheels.<br /><br />Cushioned Start<br />An electrical or mechanical method for reducing the rate of acceleration of a travel motion.<br /><br />Cantilever Gantry Crane<br />A gantry or semi-gantry crane in which the bridge girders extend transversely beyond the crane runway on both sides. <br /><br />Chain Sprocket or Drum Groove<br />Grooved or notched wheel that the hoist rope or chain is seated. <br /><br />Crane<br />A machine used to raise, lower or move a load horizontally. <br /><br />Cargo <br />All materials carried by a vehicle or trailer including those used to operate the vehicle.<br /><br />Cross-Docking<br />The movement of goods directly from receiving dock to shipping dock to eliminate storage expense.<br /><br />Cubic Capacity<br />The carrying capacity of a piece of equipment according to measurement in cubic feet.<br /><br />Custodian, equipment<br />A person assigned responsibility for a piece of hoisting and rigging equipment <br /><br />Cyclic Test <br />A test to determine a cyclic life or acceptable cyclic rating of a tie down component or assembly.<br /><br />D<br /><br />Dead Loads<br />The loads on a structure that remain in a fixed position relative to the structure. On a crane bridge such loads include the girders, footwalk, cross shaft, drive units, panels, etc.<br /><br />Deck Crane<br />Located on the ships and boats, these are used for cargo operations or boat unloading and retrieval where no shore unloading facilities are available. Most are diesel-hydraulic or electric-hydraulic.<br /><br />Deflection<br />Displacement due to bending or twisting in a vertical or lateral plane, caused by the imposed live and dead loads.<br /><br />Designated<br />Selected or assigned by the employer or the employer's representative as being qualified to perform specific duties.<br /><br />Design Factor: (sometimes referred to as safety factor)<br />An industry term usually computed by dividing the catalog Breaking Strength by the catalog Working Load Limit and generally expressed as a ratio. For example: 4 to 1<br /><br />Diaphragm<br />A plate or partition between opposite parts of a member, serving a definite purpose in the structural design of the member.<br /><br />Disconnecting Means<br />A device, or group of devices, or other means whereby the conductors of a circuit can be disconnected from their power source.<br /><br />Double-Girder Crane<br />A crane having two bridge girders mounted between and supported from the end trucks.<br /><br />Drag Brake<br />A brake which provides retarding force without external control.<br /><br />Drift Point<br />A point on a travel motion controller which releases the brake while the motor is not energized. This allows for coasting before the brake is set.<br /><br />Drive Girder<br />The girder on which the bridge drive machinery is mounted.<br /><br />Driving Head<br />A motor-driven carrier head which is supported from and propelled by the load bearing wheels.<br /><br />Drum<br />The cylindrical member around which the ropes are wound for raising or lowering the load.<br /><br />Dynamic Brake<br />A method of controlling crane motor speeds when in the overhauling condition to provide a retarding force.<br /><br />D-shackle<br />Also known as a chain shackle, D-shackles are narrow shackles shaped like a loop of chain, usually with a pin or threaded pin closure. D-shackles are very common and most other shackle types are a variation of the D-shackle. The small loop can take high loads primarily in line. Side and racking loads may twist or bend a D-shackle.<br /><br />E<br /><br />Engineered Lift<br />A test load that has been identified and evaluated for use in determining the lifting capacity of the hoisting equipment. <br /><br />Eddy Current Brake<br />A method of Bridge Crane controlling or reducing speed by means of an Bridge Crane Electrical induction load brake.<br /><br />Electric Baffle<br />Conductors that are wired to cut off electric power to approaching motor-driven equipment if track switches, drop sections, and other movable track devices are not properly set for passage of equipment.<br /><br />Electrical Interlock<br />An electrical device in the starter circuit which prevents a short circuit when opposite Bridge Crane Controls are operated at the same time.<br /><br />Electrification<br />The track mounted conductor system by which the moving equipment receives its electrical power.<br /><br />Emergency Brake<br />A method of decelerating a drive when power is not available. The braking effort may be established as a result of action by the operator, or automatically when power to the drive is interrupted.<br /><br />Emergency Stop Switch<br />A manually or automatically operated electric switch to cut off electric power independently of the regular operating controls.<br /><br />Enclosed Conductor<br />A conductor or group of conductors substantially enclosed to prevent accidental contact.<br /><br />Enclosure<br />A housing to contain electrical components, usually specified by a NEMA classification number.<br /><br />End Approach<br />The minimum horizontal distance, parallel to the runway, between the outermost extremities of the crane and the centerline of the hook.<br /><br />End Stop<br />A device to limit travel of a trolley or crane bridge. This device normally is attached to a fixed structure and normally does not have energy absorbing ability.<br /><br />End Tie<br />A structural member other than the end truck which connects the ends of the girders to maintain the squareness of the bridge.<br /><br />End Truck<br />An assembly consisting of the frame and wheels which support the crane girder(s) and allow movement along the runway.<br /><br />Equalizer<br />A device which compensates for unequal length or stretch of a rope.<br /><br />Exposed<br />Capable of being contacted inadvertently. Applied to hazardous objects not adequately guarded or isolated.<br /><br />F<br /><br />Fail-Safe<br />A provision designed to automatically stop or safely control any motion in which a malfunction occurs.<br /><br />Field Wiring<br />The wiring required after erection of the crane.<br /><br />Fixed Transfer Section (also known as crossover)<br />On a monorail, a connecting track with an interlock mechanism on both ends, mounted between two interlocking cranes, used to transfer a carrier from one bridge to the other.<br /><br />Fleet Angle<br />The angle formed by the wire rope and the drum groove or sheave groove in the plane which contains the wire rope and is parallel to the drum or sheave axis.<br /><br />Floating cranes <br />Are used mainly in bridge building and port construction, but they are also used for occasional loading and unloading of especially heavy or awkward loads on and off ships. Some floating cranes are mounted on a pontoon, others are specialized crane barges with a lifting capacity exceeding 10,000 tons and have been used to transport entire bridge sections. Floating cranes have also been used to salvage sunken ships. <br /><br />Floor-Operated Crane<br />A crane which is pendant or nonconductive rope controlled by an operator on the floor or an independent platform.<br /><br />Footwalk<br />The walkway with handrail, attached to the bridge or trolley for access purposes.<br /><br />G<br /><br />Gantry Crane<br />Similar to an overhead crane, except that the bridge for carrying the trolley or trolleys is rigidly supported on two or more legs running on fixed rolls or other runway. <br />A gantry crane has a hoist in a fixed machinery house or on a trolley that runs horizontally along rails, usually fitted on a single beam (mono-girder) or two beams (twin-girder). The crane frame is supported on a gantry system with equalized beams and wheels that run on the gantry rail, usually perpendicular to the trolley travel direction. These cranes come in all sizes, and some can move very heavy loads, particularly the extremely large examples used in shipyards or industrial installations. A special version is the container crane (or "Portainer" crane, named by the first manufacturer), designed for loading and unloading ship-borne containers at a port.<br /><br />Gantry Leg<br />The structural member which supports a bridge girder or end tie from the sill.<br /><br />Gauge<br />The center-to-center distance between the load carrying flanges of the two crane girders of a double girder crane.<br /><br />Ground Fault<br />An accidental conducting connection between the electrical circuit or equipment and the earth or some conducting body that serves in place of the earth.<br /><br />H<br /><br />Hanger Rod" – Steel rods which, together with other fittings, are used to suspend the track from the supporting structure.<br /><br />Hazardous Locations<br />Regulatory Locations where fire or explosion hazards may exist. Locations are classified depending on the properties of the flammable vapors, liquids, or gases or combustible dusts or fibers which may be present and the likelihood that a flammable or combustible concentration or quantity is present. Class I locations: Locations in which flammable gases or vapors are or may be present in the air in quantities sufficient to produce explosive or ignitable mixtures. Class 2 locations: Locations that are hazardous because of the presence of combustible dust. Class 3 locations: Locations that are hazardous because of the presence of easily ignitable fibers or filings, but in which such fibers or filings are not likely to be in suspension in the air in quantities sufficient to produce ignitable mixtures.<br /><br />Headroom<br />The distance from the load point of the hook, at its upper most position, to the top of the hoist or crane.<br /><br />Hoist<br />An apparatus which may be a part of a crane, exerting a force for lifting or lowering a freely suspended load.<br /><br />Hoist<br />A device that applies a force for lifting or lowering <br /><br />Hoist, lever operated<br />A lever-operated manual device used to lift, lower, or pull a load and to apply or release tension; commonly referred to as a come-along <br /><br />Hoist, chain operated<br />A chain operated manual device used to lift or lower a load and to apply or release tension; commonly referred to as a chain-fall <br /><br />Hoist Chain<br />The load bearing chain in a hoist.<br /><br />Hoist Motion<br />That motion of a crane which raises and lowers a load.<br /><br />Hoist Speed<br />The rate of motion that the load hook attains while lifting rated load.<br /><br />Holding Brake<br />A brake that automatically prevents motion when power is off.<br /><br />Hook Approach<br />The minimum horizontal distance between the center of the runway rail and the hook.<br /><br />Hook Approach, End<br />The minimum horizontal distance, parallel to the runway, between the centerline of the hook(s) and the face of the wall (or columns) at the end of the building.<br /><br />Hook Approach, Side<br />The minimum horizontal distance, perpendicular to the runway, between the centerline of a hook (main or auxiliary) and the centerline of the runway rail.<br /><br />Hook Suspended<br />Suspension of hoist from a trolley or rigid structure by means of a hook(s) at top of hoist.<br /><br />Hot Metal Handling Crane<br />An overhead crane used for transporting or pouring molten material.<br /><br />Hydraulic Brake<br />A method of Bridge Crane controlling or reducing speed by means of displacement of a liquid.<br /><br />I<br /><br />Interlock Mechanism<br />A mechanical device to lock together the adjacent ends of two cranes or a crane to a crossover or spur track to permit the transfer of carriers from one crane or track to the other.<br /><br />Interlocking Crane<br />A crane with an interlock mechanism on one or both ends enabling it to be mechanically locked to another crane, crossover, or spur track for the purpose of transferring a carrier from one to another.<br /><br />Inspector, crane<br />Inspector qualified to inspect cranes, hoists, and miscellaneous lifting devices <br /><br />Inspector, Plate V<br />Inspector qualified to perform Cal/OSHA Plate V certifications <br /><br />Inspector, qualified<br />Person recognized for competence and whose qualification to perform specific inspection activities has been determined, verified, and documented <br /><br />Idle Sprocket<br />A freely rotating device that changes the direction of the load chain.<br /><br />Idler Girder<br />The bridge girder that does not have the bridge drive attached, but which usually carries the bridge conductors.<br /><br />Idler Sheave<br />A sheave used to equalize tension in opposite parts of a rope. Because of its slight movement, it is not termed a running sheave.<br /><br />Impact Allowance<br />See Impact Factor.<br /><br />Impact Factor<br />Additional hook load assumed to result from the dynamic effect of the live load.<br /><br />Inch (inching)<br />See “jog”. Often used incorrectly to refer to “creep speed”.<br /><br />Insulation Class<br />Motor winding insulation rating which indicates its ability to withstand heat and moisture.<br /><br />Inverter (Variable Frequency Drive)<br />A method of Bridge Crane Control by which the fixed line voltage and frequency is changed to a three-phase system with infinitely variable voltage and frequency.<br /><br />J<br /><br />Jib Boom<br />A horizontal cantilever track for supporting the trolley (carrier).<br /><br />Jib Crane<br />A jib crane is a type of crane where a horizontal member (jib or boom), supporting a moveable hoist, is fixed to a wall or to a floor-mounted pillar. Jib cranes are used in industrial premises and on military vehicles. The jib may swing through an arc, to give additional lateral movement, or be fixed. Similar cranes, often known simply as hoists, were fitted on the top floor of warehouse buildings to enable goods to be lifted to all floors.<br /><br />Jog (inch)<br />To move the hook, trolley, or bridge in a series of short, discontinuous, increments by momentary operation of a Bridge Crane Controller.<br /><br />K<br /><br />Keeper<br />A device positioned on a hook to prevent the hook from inadvertently releasing.<br /><br />KSI<br />Kips per square inch, measurement of stress intensity.<br /><br />Kip<br />A unit of force, equivalent to 1000 pounds.<br /><br />Knee Brace<br />The diagonal structural member joining the building column and roof truss.<br /><br />L<br /><br />Length<br />The distance between extreme end bearing points of the synthetic web tie down assembly including the fittings.<br /><br />Level Luffing Crane<br />A level luffing crane is a crane mechanism where the hook remains at the same level whilst luffing; moving the jib up and down, so as to move the hook inwards and outwards relative to the base.[1]<br />Some types of crane are inherently level luffing: those with a fixed horizontal jib, such as gantry, hammerhead or the fixed-jib tower cranes commonly used in construction. Usually though, the description is only applied to those with a luffing jib that have some additional mechanism applied to keep the hook level when luffing.<br />Level luffing is most important when careful movement of a load near ground level is required, such as in construction or shipbuilding. This partially explains the popularity of fixed horizontal jibs in these fields.<br /><br />Load Binder <br />A binder incorporating an over center locking action.<br /><br />Load<br />The total superimposed weight on the load block or hook.<br /><br />Load Block<br />The assembly of hook or shackle, swivel, bearing, sheaves, pins, and frame suspended by the hoisting rope.<br /><br />Load Sprocket<br />A hoist component that transmits motion to the load chain. This component is sometimes called load wheel, load sheave, pocket wheel, or chain wheel.<br /><br />Loader Crane<br />A loader crane (also called a knuckle-boom crane or articulating crane ) is a hydraulically-powered articulated arm fitted to a truck or trailer, and is used for loading/unloading the vehicle. The numerous jointed sections can be folded into a small space when the crane is not in use. One or more of the sections may be telescopic. Often the crane will have a degree of automation and be able to unload or stow itself without an operator's instruction. <br />Unlike most cranes, the operator must move around the vehicle to be able to view his load; hence modern cranes may be fitted with a portable cabled or radio-linked control system to supplement the crane-mounted hydraulic control levers.<br />In the UK and Canada, this type of crane is almost invariably known colloquially as a "Hiab", partly because this manufacturer invented the loader crane and was first into the UK market, and partly because the distinctive name was displayed prominently on the boom arm.<br />A rolloader' crane is a loader crane mounted on a chassis with wheels. This chassis can ride on the trailer. Because the crane can move on the trailer, it can be a light crane, so the trailer is allowed to transport more goods.<br /><br />Latch, Hook<br />A device used to bridge the throat opening of a hook.<br /><br />Lateral Forces<br />Horizontal forces perpendicular to the axis of the member being considered.<br /><br />Lateral Hook Travel<br />The lateral movement of the load hook between its position at the upper limit of travel and its position at the lower limit of travel.<br /><br />Left-hand End<br />A reference to parts or dimensions on the viewer’s left of the centerline of span, established when facing the drive girder side of the crane.<br /><br />Lift<br />The maximum vertical distance through which the load hook can travel, and the total allowable hook movement between its upper limit of travel and its position when at the lower limit of travel.<br /><br />Lift, critical<br />A lift for which the application of requirements applicable to ordinary lifts would not adequately eliminate or control the likelihood or severity of the following: <br />Personnel injury or significant adverse health impact (on-site or off-site) <br />Significant release of radioactivity or other hazardous material or other undesirable conditions <br />Undetectable damage that would jeopardize future operations or the safety of a facility <br />Damage that would result in delay to schedule or other significant program impact such as loss of vital data<br />Lift, ordinary. All lifts that do not meet the requirements of critical or pre-engineered production <br /><br />Lift, pre-engineered production<br />A repetitive, production-type lifting operation, independent of the nature of the load to be lifted, in which the probability of dropping, upset, or collision is reduced to a level acceptable to the responsible manager by preliminary engineering evaluation, specialized lifting fixtures, detailed procedures, operation-specific training, and independent review and approval of the entire process. <br /><br />Lift plan<br />Pre-job plan or procedure for safely executing a lift <br /><br />Lifting device<br />Includes a broad range of equipment used in hoisting and rigging activities: <br /><br />Lift Cycle<br />Single lifting and lowering motion (with or without load).<br /><br />Lift Limiting Device<br />An electrical, mechanical, or electromechanical device for limiting the upward or downward travel of the load hook at the extremities of lift. This device may limit lift at any point within the extremities of lift, if designed to be adjustable.<br /><br />Limit Switch<br />A switch which is operated by some part or motion of a power-driven machine or equipment to alter the electric circuit associated with the machine or equipment.<br /><br />M<br /><br />Main Line Disconnect<br />The controller used to isolate power to the hoisting equipment. <br /><br />Magnet<br />An electromagnetic device carried on a crane hook to pick up loads magnetically.<br /><br />Magnetic Contactor<br />An electro-magnetic device for opening and closing an electric power circuit.<br /><br />Main Hoist<br />The primary hoist mechanism provided for lifting and lowering the rated load of the crane.<br /><br />Main Switch (Crane Disconnect)<br />A switch on the crane bridge controlling the main power supply from the runway conductors.<br /><br />Man Trolley<br />A trolley having an operator's cab attached thereto.<br /><br />Manually Operated Crane<br />A crane whose hoist mechanism is driven by pulling an endless chain, or whose travel mechanism is driven in the same manner or by manually moving the load or hook.<br /><br />Master Switch<br />A switch which dominates the operation of contactors, relays, or other remotely operated devices.<br /><br />Mechanical Brake<br />A method of speed control by friction.<br /><br />Mechanical Load Brake<br />An automatic type of friction brake used for Bridge Crane controlling loads in a lowering direction. This unidirectional device requires torque from the motor or hand chain wheel to lower a load but does not impose any additional load on the motor or hand chain wheel when lifting a load.<br /><br />N<br /><br />Non-destructive examination<br />The development and application of technical methods to examine materials or components in ways that do not impair future usefulness and serviceability in order to detect, locate, measure, and evaluate discontinuities, defects, and other imperfections; assess integrity, properties, and composition; and measure geometrical characteristics <br /><br />Non-destructive test<br />Testing that does not destroy or damage the item. Examples include magnetic particle, ultrasonic, liquid penetration, or radiographic testing. <br /><br />O<br /><br />Overhead Crane<br />A crane with a movable bridge carrying a movable or fixed hoisting device that travels on a fixed runway.<br />Also known as a 'suspended crane', this type of crane work very similar to a gantry crane but instead of the whole crane moving, only the hoist / trolley assembly moves in one direction along one or two fixed beams, often mounted along the side walls or on elevated columns in the assembly area of factory. Some of these cranes can lift very heavy loads.<br /><br />P<br /><br />Parts (Lines)<br />Number of lines of rope supporting the load block or hook.<br /><br />Patented Track<br />A generic term referring to crane and monorail equipment built in accordance with the MMA specification utilizing a composite track section incorporating a proprietary bottom flange shape.<br /><br />Pawl<br />A device for holding the machinery against undesired rotation by engaging a ratchet.<br /><br />Pendant Pushbutton Station<br />Means suspended from the crane operating the Bridge Crane Controllers from the floor or other level beneath the crane.<br /><br />Person, authorized<br />A person at SLAC who has completed the required training and is authorized to perform the work <br /><br />Person, designated<br />An individual selected or assigned as being qualified to perform specific duties <br /><br />Person, qualified<br />A person who, by possession of a recognized degree, certificate, or professional standing, or who by extensive knowledge, training, and experience, has successfully demonstrated an ability and competence to solve or resolve problems relating to the subject matter and work <br /><br />Person-in-charge<br />A qualified person responsible for the safe planning and performance of a critical lift <br /><br />Plate V certification<br />A Cal/OSHA specified safety inspection in accordance with 8 CCR 5022 (a) through (d) performed on mobile cranes and cranes, hoists, and miscellaneous lifting devices exceeding three tons <br /><br />Pitch Diameter<br />Distance of the diameter of a drum or sheave from center to center of a rope passed about the periphery.<br /><br />Plain Reversing Bridge Crane Control<br />A reversing Bridge Crane Control which has identical characteristics for both directions of motor rotation.<br /><br />Plugging<br />A Bridge Crane Control function which accomplishes braking by reversing the motor line voltage polarity or phase sequence.<br /><br />Plugging Relay<br />A current relay used on a bridge or trolley Bridge Crane Control panel which senses current in the motor secondary circuit of an alternating current motor and limits reverse torque of the motor to the first Bridge Crane Control point until the motor rotation has stopped (Sometimes called an anti- plugging relay.)<br /><br />Pneumatic Brake<br />A method of Bridge Crane Controlling or powering a drive or brake by means of compressed gas.<br /><br />Power-Operated Crane<br />A crane whose mechanism is driven by electric, air, hydraulic, or internal combustion means.<br /><br />Primary Upper Limit Device<br />the first device that, when actuated, limits hoisting motion in the upward direction.<br /><br />Protective Panel<br />An assembly containing overload and undervoltage protection for all crane motions.<br /><br />Proof Test load (Proof Load):<br />The term "Proof Test" designates a quality control test applied to the product for the sole purpose of detecting defects in material or manufacture. The Proof Test Load (usually twice the Working Load Limit) is the load which the product withstood without deformation when new and under laboratory test conditions. A constantly increasing force is applied in direct line to the product at a uniform rate of speed in a standard pull testing machine. The Proof Test Load does not mean the Working Load Limit should ever be exceeded.<br /><br />Pulpit-Operated Crane<br />A crane operated from a fixed operator station not attached to the crane.<br /><br />Pulley<br />A pulley (also called a block and tackle) is a mechanism composed of a wheel (called a sheave) with a groove between two flanges around the wheel's circumference. A rope, cable , belt or chain usually runs inside the groove. Pulleys are used to change the direction of an applied force, transmit rotational motion, or realize a mechanical advantage in either a linear or rotational system of motion.<br /><br />Q<br /><br />R<br /><br />Rail Sweep<br />A device attached to the crane and located in front of the crane’s leading wheels to push aside loose obstructions.<br /><br />Rail, Bridge<br />The track supported by the bridge girder(s), on which the trolley travels.<br /><br />Rail, Runway<br />The track supported by the runway beams, on which the crane travels.<br /><br />Railroad crane<br />Is a crane with flanged wheels, used by railroads. The simplest form is just a crane mounted on a railroad car or on a flatcar. More capable devices are purpose-built. <br /><br />Rated Load<br />The maximum load for which a crane or individual hoist is designed and built by the manufacturer and shown on the equipment nameplate(s).<br /><br />Reach<br />Is equal to lift plus headroom.<br /><br />Reeving<br />The reeving of the hoist is the path of the rope between the hoist and the load block.<br /><br />Regenerative Brake<br />A form of dynamic braking in which the electrical energy generated is fed back into the power system.<br /><br />Regulated Speed<br />A function which tends to maintain constant motor speed for any load for a given speed setting of the Bridge Crane Controller.<br /><br />Remote-Operated Crane<br />A crane controlled by an operator not in a pulpit or in the cab attached to the crane, by any method other than pendant or rope control.<br /><br />Right-hand End<br />A reference to parts or dimensions on the viewer’s right of the centerline of span, established when facing the drive girder side of the crane.<br /><br />RMG <br />Rail Mounted Gantry crane<br /><br />RTG <br />Rubber Tired Gantry crane<br /><br />Rope<br />Refers to wire rope, unless otherwise specified.<br /><br />Rotary Switch<br />On a monorail, a track switch with a movable inner frame containing straight and/or curve sections of track. The inner frame can be rotated around a vertical axis to align these tracks with other tracks for routing carriers from one track to another.<br /><br />Rough Terrain Crane<br />A crane mounted on an undercarriage with four rubber tires that is designed for pick-and-carry operations and for off-road and "rough terrain" applications. Outriggers that extend horizontally and vertically are used to level and stabilize the crane for hoisting. <br />These telescopic cranes are single-engine machines where the same engine is used for powering the undercarriage as is used for powering the crane, similar to a crawler crane. However, in a rough terrain crane, the engine is usually mounted in the undercarriage rather than in the upper, like the crawler crane.<br /><br />Running Sheave<br />A sheave which rotates as the load block is raised or lowered.<br /><br />Runway<br />An assembly of rails, beams, girders, brackets, and framework on which the crane or trolley travels.<br /><br />Runway Disconnect Switch<br />A switch, usually at floor level, controlling the main power supply to the runway conductors.<br /><br />Runway Girder<br />A horizontal beam attached to the building columns or wall, and supporting a runway rail on which the crane travels.<br /><br />Runway Rail<br />The rail supported by the runway beams on which the bridge travels.<br /><br />S<br /><br />Shock Load<br />A load resulting from rapid change of movement, such as impacting, jerking or swinging of a static load. Sudden release of tension is another form of shock loading. Shock loads are generally significantly greater than static loads. Any shock loading must be considered when selecting the item for use in a system.<br />Avoid shock loads as they may exceed the Working Load Limit.<br /><br />Semi-gantry Crane<br />A gantry crane with one end of the bridge rigidly supported on one or more legs that run along a fixed rail or runway, the other end of the bridge supported by a truck running on an elevated runway or rail.<br /><br />Self-erecting Crane<br />Generally a type of tower crane, these cranes, also called self-assembling or "Kangaroo" cranes, lift themselves off the ground using jacks, allowing the next section of the tower to be inserted at ground level or lifted into place by the partially erected crane itself. They can thus be assembled without outside help, or can grow together with the building or structure they are erecting.<br /><br />S Section<br />A standard beam shape as defined by the American Institute of Steel Construction.<br /><br />Safety Factor<br />Safety factor of a line is the ratio between the breaking strength and the safe working load. Usually, a safety factor of four is acceptable, but this is not always the case. In other words, the safety factor will vary, depending on such things as the condition of the line and circumstances under which it is to be used. While the safety factor should NEVER be less than three, it often should be well above four (possibly as high as eight or ten).<br /><br />Safety Lug<br />A mechanical device fixed securely to the end truck or trolley yoke which will limit the fall of the crane or carrier in case of wheel or axle failure.<br /><br />Shackle<br />A shackle (also called gyve) is a U-shaped piece of metal secured with a pin or bolt across the opening, or a hinged metal loop secured with a quick-release locking pin mechanism. They are used as a connecting link in all manner of rigging systems, from boats and ships to industrial crane rigging. A carabiner is a variety of shackle used in mountaineering.<br /><br />Service Platform<br />A means provided for workers to perform maintenance, inspections, adjustments, and repairs of cranes.<br /><br />Selvage<br />The woven or knitted edge of synthetic webbing, so formed to prevent raveling.<br /><br />Sew/Stitch Pattern<br />The pattern of the stitches used to sew the webbing together.<br /><br />Shoring Bar<br />A structural section placed transversely between the walls of a vehicle to prevent cargo from tipping or shifting.<br /><br />Stuffer<br />A longitudinal load bearing yarn in webbing.<br /><br />Sheave<br />A grooved wheel or pulley used with a rope or chain to change direction and point of application of a pulling force.<br />A sheave (pronounced "shiv") is a wheel or roller with a groove along its edge for holding a belt, rope or cable. When hung between two supports and equipped with a belt, rope or cable, one or more sheaves make up a pulley. The words sheave and pulley are sometimes used interchangeably.<br /><br />Side pull<br />That portion of the hoist pull acting horizontally when the hoist lines are not operated vertically.<br /><br />Sidelifter crane <br />Is a road going truck or semi-trailer that is able to hoist and transport ISO standard containers. Lifting of containers is achieved through the use of parallel crane like hoists, which can be used to lift a container from the ground, or from a railway vehicle.<br /><br />Simple Beam<br />A structural member supported and unrestrained at each end and subjected to loads acting transversely to its longitudinal axis.<br /><br />Single-Girder Crane" – A crane having one bridge girder mounted between, and supported from, the end trucks.<br /><br />Skewing Forces<br />Lateral forces on the bridge truck wheels caused by the bridge girders not running perpendicular to the runways. Some normal skewing occurs in all bridges.<br /><br />Storage Bridge Crane<br />A gantry type crane of long span usually used for bulk storage of material; the bridge girders or trusses are rigidly or non-rigidly supported on one or more legs. It may have one or more fixed or hinged cantilever ends.<br /><br />Span<br />The horizontal distance center to center of runway rails.<br /><br />Splice<br />A mechanical device used to join the adjacent ends of track sections.<br /><br />Spring Return<br />A device used on a manual Bridge Crane Controller, master switch, or pushbutton to cause the unit to return automatically to the neutral position, when released by the operator.<br /><br />Stacker Crane<br />A crane with a forklift type mechanism used in automated (computer controlled) warehouses (known as an automated storage and retrieval system (AS/RS)). The crane moves on a track in an aisle of the warehouse. The fork can be raised or lowered to any of the levels of a storage rack and can be extended into the rack to store and retrieve product. The product can in some cases be as large as an automobile. Stacker cranes are often used in the large freezer warehouses of frozen food manufacturers. This automation avoids requiring forklift drivers to work in below freezing temperatures every day.<br /><br />Standby Crane<br />A crane which is not in regular service but which is used occasionally or intermittently as required.<br /><br />Standby Equipment<br />Equipment that is not in regular service but which is used occasionally or intermittently as required.<br /><br />Static Bridge Crane Control<br />A method of switching electrical circuits without the use of contacts.<br /><br />Stop<br />A device to limit travel of a trolley or crane bridge. This device normally is attached to a fixed structure and normally does not have energy absorbing ability.<br /><br />Strength, Average Ultimate<br />The average tensile force per unit of cross sectional area required to rupture the material as determined by test.<br /><br />Stress<br />Load or force per unit area tending to deform the material usually expressed in pound per square inch.<br /><br />Stripper<br />A device that aids the load chain in leaving the load sprocket.<br /><br />Structural Supports<br />Structural members provided for the support of runways or monorail track and switches.<br /><br />STS<br />Ship te Shore crane. A container crane (also container handling gantry crane, ship-to-shore crane ) is a design of large dockside gantry cranes found at container terminals for loading and unloading shipping containers from container ships.<br />Container cranes consistent of a supporting framework that can traverse the length of a quay or yard, and a moving platform called a "spreader". The spreader can be lowered down on top of a container and locks on to the container's four locking points ("cornercastings"), using a "twistlock" mechanism. Cranes normally transport a single container at once, however some newer cranes have the capability to up pick up up to four 20' containers at once.<br />The crane is driven by an operator that sits in a cabin suspend from the trolley. The trolley runs along rails that are located on top or sides of the boom and girder. The operator runs the trolley over the ship to lift the cargo which generally are containers. Once the spreader latches (locks) on to the container with the Spreader, the container is lifted and moved over the dock and placed (discharged) on a truck chassis (trailer) to then be taken to the storage yard. The crane will also lift containers from the chassis to store (load) them on to the ship.<br />Straddle carriers, sidelifts or container lorries then manoeuvre underneath the crane base, and collect the containers—rapidly moving the containers away from the dock and to a storage yard.<br /><br />Straddle Carrier<br />A Straddle Carrier is a non road going vehicle for use in port terminals and intermodal yards used for stacking and moving ISO standard containers. Straddles pick and carry containers while straddling their load and connecting to the top lifting points. These machines have the ability to stack containers up to 4 high. These are capable of relatively low speeds (up to 30 km/h) with a laden container.<br /><br />Supporting Structure<br />The structure used for the support of a monorail or crane system.<br /><br />Suspension Fittings<br />Fittings used to attach the track to the supporting structure.<br /><br />Sweep<br />Maximum lateral deviation from straightness of a structural member, measured at right angles to the Y-Y axis.<br /><br />Switch<br />A device for making, breaking, or for changing the connections in an electric circuit.<br /><br />T<br /><br />Tower Crane<br />A vertical crane with a horizontal boom. The boom is balanced asymmetrically across the top of the tower. Its short arm carries a counterweight while the long arm carries the lifting gear.<br /><br />Tagline<br />An electrical conductor system employing flexible cables.<br /><br />TENC<br />Totally enclosed fan cooled.<br /><br />TENV<br />Totally enclosed non-ventilated.<br /><br />Telescopic crane<br />A telescopic crane has a boom that consists of a number of tubes fitted one inside the other. A hydraulic or other powered mechanism extends or retracts the tubes to increase or decrease the total length of the boom. These types of booms are often used for short term construction projects, rescue jobs, lifting boats in and out of the water, etc. The relative compactness of telescopic booms make them adaptable for many mobile applications. <br />Note that while telescopic cranes are not automatically mobile cranes, many of them are. These are often truck-mounted.<br /><br />Tirfors <br />Also commonly known as griphoists are winches that instead of using spools to move rope or wire through the winch use self-gripping jaws. Powered by moving a handle back and forth they allow one person to move objects several tons in weight.<br /><br />Tongue Switch<br />On a monorail, a track switch containing one straight section of track, pivoted at one end, which can be swung to various positions to connect with fixed tracks for routing of carriers.<br /><br />Top Running Crane<br />An electric overhead traveling crane having the end trucks supported on rails attached to the top of the crane runway.<br /><br />Torque, Full Load (motor)<br />The torque produced by a motor operating at its rated horsepower and speed.<br /><br />Torque, Locked Rotor<br />The minimum torque which a squirrel- cage motor will develop at rest, for all angular positions of the rotor, with rated voltage applied at rated frequency. Not applicable to wound-rotor (slipring) motors.<br /><br />Torque, Motor Breakdown<br />The maximum torque which a squirrel-cage or wound-rotor (slip-ring) motor will develop with rated voltage applied at rated frequency, without an abrupt drop in speed.<br /><br />Torque, Motor Full Load<br />The torque developed by an electric motor (A.C. or D.C.) to produce its rated horsepower at rated full load speed.<br /><br />Torque, Motor Pull Up<br />The minimum torque developed by a squirrel cage or wound rotor (slip-ring) motor during the period of acceleration from rest to the speed at which breakdown torque occurs. For squirrel cage motors with 8% or greater slip, the pull up torque, the breakdown torque, and the starting torque are all equal and occur at zero speed.<br /><br />Torsional Box Girder<br />Girder in which the trolley rail is located over one web.<br /><br />Torsional Forces<br />Forces which can cause twisting of a member.<br /><br />Tower Crane<br />The tower crane is a modern form of balance crane. Fixed to the ground (and sometimes attached to the sides of structures as well), tower cranes often give the best combination of height and lifting capacity and are used in the construction of tall buildings. <br />The jib (colloquially, the 'boom') and counter-jib are mounted to the turntable, where the slewing bearing and slewing machinery are located. The counter-jib carries a counterweight, usually of concrete blocks, while the jib suspends the load from the trolley. The Hoist motor and transmissions are located on the mechanical deck on the counter-jib, while the trolley motor is located on the jib. The crane operator either sits in a cabin at the top of the tower or controls the crane by radio remote control from the ground. In the first case the operator's cabin is most usually located at the top of the tower attached to the turntable, but can be mounted on the jib, or partway down the tower. The lifting hook is operated by using electric motors to manipulate wire rope cables through a system of sheaves.<br />In order to hook and unhook the loads, the operator usually works in conjunction with a signaller (known as a 'rigger' or 'swamper'). They are most often in radio contact, and always use hand signals. The rigger directs the schedule of lifts for the crane, and is responsible for the safety of the rigging and loads.<br /><br />Track Capacity<br />The design load which consists of the rated load, impact allowance and load imposed by the weight of the equipment.<br /><br />Track Switch<br />On a monorail, a device with a moving section of track that can be moved to permit passage of a carrier from incoming fixed track(s) to outgoing fixed track(s).<br /><br />Tractor Drive<br />A motor-driven unit supported from wheels and propelled by drive wheel or wheels bearing on the underside of the track.<br /><br />Trolley<br />The unit which travels on the bridge rails and carries the hoisting mechanism (also known as a “carrier”).<br /><br />Trolley Frame<br />The basic structure of the trolley on which are mounted the hoisting and traversing mechanisms.<br /><br />Trolley Speed<br />Trolley speed is the rate of motion that a motor operated trolley (and hoist) attains while traveling along a beam.<br /><br />Trolley Suspended<br />Suspension of hoist from a trolley. Hoist can be connected to trolley by hook, clevis, or lug suspension, or the hoist can be integral with trolley.<br /><br />Trolley travel<br />The trolley movement at right angles to the crane runway.<br /><br />Truck<br />The unit consisting of a frame, wheels, bearings, and axles which support the bridge girders or trolleys.<br /><br />True Vertical Lift<br />In true vertical lift, the load hook travels in a true vertical path between the lower limit of lift and the upper limit of lift.<br /><br />Turntable<br />On a monorail, a track device with a movable inner frame containing a straight section of track which can be rotated with a loaded carrier on it to align the section of track with other tracks for the transfer of carriers from one track to another.<br /><br />Two Blocking<br />Condition under which the load block or load suspended from the hook becomes jammed against the crane structure preventing further winding up of the hoist drum.<br /><br />U<br /><br />Under Running Crane<br />An electric overhead traveling crane having the end trucks supported on track attached to the bottom flanges of the beams; or supported on bottom flanges of beams. These beams make up the crane runway.<br /><br />Undervoltage Protection<br />A device operative on the reduction or failure of voltage to cause and maintain the interruption of power in the main circuit.<br /><br />Upper Block<br />A fixed block located on a trolley that, through a system of sheaves, bearings, pins, and frame, supports the load block and its load.<br /><br />V<br /><br />Variable Frequency<br />A method of Bridge Crane Control by which the motor supply voltage and frequency can be adjusted.<br /><br />Voltage Drop<br />The loss of voltage in an electric conductor between supply tap and load tap.<br /><br />W<br /><br />W Section<br />A wide flange beam shape as defined by the American Institute of Steel Construction.<br /><br />Wall Crane<br />A crane having a jib with or without trolley and supported from a side wall or line of columns of a building. It is a traveling type and operates on a runway attached to the side wall or columns.<br /><br />Web Plate<br />The vertical plate connecting the upper and lower flanges or cover plates of a girder.<br /><br />Wheel Load<br />The load without impact on any wheel with the trolley and lifted load (rated capacity) positioned on the bridge to give maximum loading.<br /><br />Wheel Yoke<br />A frame on which a pair of carrier (trolley) wheels are mounted.<br /><br />Wheelbase<br />Distance from center-to-center of outermost wheels.<br /><br />Winch<br />A device for tensioning a webbing or wire rope tie down that is fitted with means to lock the initial tension.<br /><br />Working Load Limit<br />The maximum load capacity hat any given component or assembly should be subject to during use. US Cargo Control highly recommends the ‘’ working load limit’’ does not exceed 1/3 the ‘’breaking strength capacity’’ of the component or assembly being used. Working load limits shown on this website are rated at 1/3 of the minimum breaking strength.<br /><br />X<br /><br />Y<br /><br />Ztechnical portuguesehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08892838491239485937noreply@blogger.com8